注释类型 EnableAsync
@Target(TYPE) @Retention(RUNTIME) @Documented @Import(AsyncConfigurationSelector.class) public @interface EnableAsync
Enables Spring's asynchronous method execution capability, similar to functionality found in Spring's<task:*>
XML namespace.To be used together with @
Configuration
classes as follows, enabling annotation-driven async processing for an entire Spring application context:@Configuration @EnableAsync public class AppConfig { }
MyAsyncBean
is a user-defined type with one or more methods annotated with either Spring's@Async
annotation, the EJB 3.1@javax.ejb.Asynchronous
annotation, or any custom annotation specified via theannotation()
attribute. The aspect is added transparently for any registered bean, for instance via this configuration:@Configuration public class AnotherAppConfig { @Bean public MyAsyncBean asyncBean() { return new MyAsyncBean(); } }
By default, Spring will be searching for an associated thread pool definition: either a unique
TaskExecutor
bean in the context, or anExecutor
bean named "taskExecutor" otherwise. If neither of the two is resolvable, aSimpleAsyncTaskExecutor
will be used to process async method invocations. Besides, annotated methods having avoid
return type cannot transmit any exception back to the caller. By default, such uncaught exceptions are only logged.To customize all this, implement
AsyncConfigurer
and provide:- your own
Executor
through thegetAsyncExecutor()
method, and - your own
AsyncUncaughtExceptionHandler
through thegetAsyncUncaughtExceptionHandler()
method.
NOTE:
AsyncConfigurer
configuration classes get initialized early in the application context bootstrap. If you need any dependencies on other beans there, make sure to declare them 'lazy' as far as possible in order to let them go through other post-processors as well.@Configuration @EnableAsync public class AppConfig implements AsyncConfigurer { @Override public Executor getAsyncExecutor() { ThreadPoolTaskExecutor executor = new ThreadPoolTaskExecutor(); executor.setCorePoolSize(7); executor.setMaxPoolSize(42); executor.setQueueCapacity(11); executor.setThreadNamePrefix("MyExecutor-"); executor.initialize(); return executor; } @Override public AsyncUncaughtExceptionHandler getAsyncUncaughtExceptionHandler() { return new MyAsyncUncaughtExceptionHandler(); } }
If only one item needs to be customized,
null
can be returned to keep the default settings. Consider also extending fromAsyncConfigurerSupport
when possible.Note: In the above example the
ThreadPoolTaskExecutor
is not a fully managed Spring bean. Add the@Bean
annotation to thegetAsyncExecutor()
method if you want a fully managed bean. In such circumstances it is no longer necessary to manually call theexecutor.initialize()
method as this will be invoked automatically when the bean is initialized.For reference, the example above can be compared to the following Spring XML configuration:
<beans> <task:annotation-driven executor="myExecutor" exception-handler="exceptionHandler"/> <task:executor id="myExecutor" pool-size="7-42" queue-capacity="11"/> <bean id="asyncBean" class="com.foo.MyAsyncBean"/> <bean id="exceptionHandler" class="com.foo.MyAsyncUncaughtExceptionHandler"/> </beans>
The above XML-based and JavaConfig-based examples are equivalent except for the setting of the thread name prefix of theExecutor
; this is because the<task:executor>
element does not expose such an attribute. This demonstrates how the JavaConfig-based approach allows for maximum configurability through direct access to actual componentry.The
mode()
attribute controls how advice is applied: If the mode isAdviceMode.PROXY
(the default), then the other attributes control the behavior of the proxying. Please note that proxy mode allows for interception of calls through the proxy only; local calls within the same class cannot get intercepted that way.Note that if the mode() is set to
AdviceMode.ASPECTJ
, then the value of theproxyTargetClass()
attribute will be ignored. Note also that in this case thespring-aspects
module JAR must be present on the classpath, with compile-time weaving or load-time weaving applying the aspect to the affected classes. There is no proxy involved in such a scenario; local calls will be intercepted as well.- 从以下版本开始:
- 3.1
- 作者:
- Chris Beams, Juergen Hoeller, Stephane Nicoll, Sam Brannen
- 另请参阅:
Async
,AsyncConfigurer
,AsyncConfigurationSelector
- your own
可选元素概要
可选元素 修饰符和类型 可选元素 说明 Class<? extends Annotation>
annotation
Indicate the 'async' annotation type to be detected at either class or method level.AdviceMode
mode
Indicate how async advice should be applied.int
order
Indicate the order in which theAsyncAnnotationBeanPostProcessor
should be applied.boolean
proxyTargetClass
Indicate whether subclass-based (CGLIB) proxies are to be created as opposed to standard Java interface-based proxies.
元素详细资料
annotation
Class<? extends Annotation> annotation
Indicate the 'async' annotation type to be detected at either class or method level.By default, both Spring's @
Async
annotation and the EJB 3.1@javax.ejb.Asynchronous
annotation will be detected.This attribute exists so that developers can provide their own custom annotation type to indicate that a method (or all methods of a given class) should be invoked asynchronously.
- 默认值:
- java.lang.annotation.Annotation.class
proxyTargetClass
boolean proxyTargetClass
Indicate whether subclass-based (CGLIB) proxies are to be created as opposed to standard Java interface-based proxies.Applicable only if the
mode()
is set toAdviceMode.PROXY
.The default is
false
.Note that setting this attribute to
true
will affect all Spring-managed beans requiring proxying, not just those marked with@Async
. For example, other beans marked with Spring's@Transactional
annotation will be upgraded to subclass proxying at the same time. This approach has no negative impact in practice unless one is explicitly expecting one type of proxy vs. another — for example, in tests.- 默认值:
- false
mode
AdviceMode mode
Indicate how async advice should be applied.The default is
AdviceMode.PROXY
. Please note that proxy mode allows for interception of calls through the proxy only. Local calls within the same class cannot get intercepted that way; anAsync
annotation on such a method within a local call will be ignored since Spring's interceptor does not even kick in for such a runtime scenario. For a more advanced mode of interception, consider switching this toAdviceMode.ASPECTJ
.- 默认值:
- org.springframework.context.annotation.AdviceMode.PROXY
order
int order
Indicate the order in which theAsyncAnnotationBeanPostProcessor
should be applied.The default is
Ordered.LOWEST_PRECEDENCE
in order to run after all other post-processors, so that it can add an advisor to existing proxies rather than double-proxy.- 默认值:
- 2147483647