log10, log10f, log10l

float       log10f( float arg );

double      log10( double arg );

long double log10l( long double arg );

#define log10( arg )

Parameters

Return value

If no errors occur, the common (base-10) logarithm of arg (log₁₀(arg) or lg(arg)) is returned.

If a domain error occurs, an implementation-defined value is returned (NaN where supported).

If a pole error occurs, -HUGE_VAL, -HUGE_VALF, or -HUGE_VALL is returned.

Error handling

Errors are reported as specified in math_errhandling.

Domain error occurs if arg is less than zero.

Pole error may occur if arg is zero.

If the implementation supports IEEE floating-point arithmetic (IEC 60559),

• If the argument is ±0, -∞ is returned and FE_DIVBYZERO is raised.
• If the argument is 1, +0 is returned
• If the argument is negative, NaN is returned and FE_INVALID is raised.
• If the argument is +∞, +∞ is returned
• If the argument is NaN, NaN is returned

Example

#include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <float.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <fenv.h>
 
// #pragma STDC FENV_ACCESS ON
int main(void)
{
    printf("log10(1000) = %f\n", log10(1000));
    printf("log10(0.001) = %f\n", log10(0.001));
    printf("base-5 logarithm of 125 = %f\n", log10(125)/log10(5));
    // special values
    printf("log10(1) = %f\n", log10(1));
    printf("log10(+Inf) = %f\n", log10(INFINITY));
    //error handling
    errno = 0; feclearexcept(FE_ALL_EXCEPT);
    printf("log10(0) = %f\n", log10(0));
    if(errno == ERANGE) perror("    errno == ERANGE");
    if(fetestexcept(FE_DIVBYZERO)) puts("    FE_DIVBYZERO raised");
}

log10(1000) = 3.000000
log10(0.001) = -3.000000
base-5 logarithm of 125 = 3.000000
log10(1) = 0.000000
log10(+Inf) = inf
log10(0) = -inf
    errno == ERANGE: Numerical result out of range
    FE_DIVBYZERO raised

References

• C17 standard (ISO/IEC 9899:2018):
• 7.12.6.8 The log10 functions (p: 179)
• 7.25 Type-generic math <tgmath.h> (p: 272-273)
• F.10.3.8 The log10 functions (p: 380)
• C11 standard (ISO/IEC 9899:2011):
• 7.12.6.8 The log10 functions (p: 245)
• 7.25 Type-generic math <tgmath.h> (p: 373-375)
• F.10.3.8 The log10 functions (p: 522)
• C99 standard (ISO/IEC 9899:1999):
• 7.12.6.8 The log10 functions (p: 225-226)
• 7.22 Type-generic math <tgmath.h> (p: 335-337)
• F.9.3.8 The log10 functions (p: 459)
• C89/C90 standard (ISO/IEC 9899:1990):
• 4.5.4.5 The log10 function

See also