page-orientation

The page-orientation CSS descriptor for the @page at-rule controls the rotation of a printed page. It handles the flow of content across pages when the orientation of a page is changed. This behavior differs from the size descriptor in that a user can define the direction in which to rotate the page.

This descriptor helps with the layout and orientation of printed documents, especially when documents are printed double-sided. A user can specify how the pages will be rotated when printed. This is particularly useful to lay out content such as tables, which may be wider than the rest of the content, in a different orientation.

Note: Margin boxes and other positional elements have no special interaction with this descriptor. Margins are laid out as normal in the unrotated page, then rotated along with everything else.

Syntax

css

/* Displays the print content in an upright position */
@page {
  page-orientation: upright;
}

/* Displays the print content rotated counter-clockwise */
@page {
  page-orientation: rotate-left;
}

/* Displays the print content rotated counter-clockwise */
@page {
  page-orientation: rotate-right;
}

Values

upright: No orientation is applied and the page is laid out and formatted as normal.
rotate-left: After a page is laid out, the page must be displayed rotated a quarter turn to the left (counter-clockwise).
rotate-right: After the page is laid out, the page must be displayed rotated a quarter turn to the right (clockwise).

Formal definition

Related at-rule	`@page`
Initial value	`upright`
Computed value	as specified

Formal syntax

page-orientation = 
  upright       |
  rotate-left   |
  rotate-right

Examples

Rotating printed pages

This example shows how the contents of a print document can be rotated to suit the page content and the page position.

CSS

In this first part of the CSS code, named pages are set up to define the direction in which to rotate the content.

css

@page upright {
  size: portrait;
  page-orientation: upright;
}

@page left {
  size: landscape;
  page-orientation: rotate-left;
}

@page right {
  size: landscape;
  page-orientation: rotate-right;
}

The following second part of the CSS code declares a named page rule defined above for the selectors, such as <section class="left">…</section>.

css

@media print {
  .upright {
    page: upright;
  }
  .left {
    page: left;
  }
  .right {
    page: right;
  }
}

Result

Click the print button to see the pages rotated.

Specifications

Specification
CSS Paged Media Module Level 3 # page-orientation-prop

Browser compatibility

	Desktop						Mobile
	Chrome	Edge	Firefox	Internet Explorer	Opera	Safari	WebView Android	Chrome Android	Firefox for Android	Opera Android	Safari on IOS	Samsung Internet
`page-orientation`	85	85	preview	No	71	No	85	85	No	60	No	14.0

© 2005–2023 MDN contributors.
Licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License v2.5 or later.
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/@page/page-orientation

Docs

Docs4dev

Title here