std::ranges::uninitialized_move, std::ranges::uninitialized_move_result

Defined in header `<memory>`
Call signature
`template< std::input_iterator I, std::sentinel_for<I> S1, no-throw-forward-iterator O, no-throw-sentinel-for<O> S2 > requires std::constructible_from<std::iter_value_t<O>, std::iter_rvalue_reference_t<I>> uninitialized_move_result<I, O> uninitialized_move( I ifirst, S1 ilast, O ofirst, S2 olast );`	(1)	(since C++20)
`template< ranges::input_range IR, no-throw-forward-range OR > requires std::constructible_from<ranges::range_value_t<OR>, ranges::range_rvalue_reference_t<IR>> uninitialized_move_result<ranges::borrowed_iterator_t<IR>, ranges::borrowed_iterator_t<OR>> uninitialized_move( IR&& in_range, OR&& out_range );`	(2)	(since C++20)
Helper types
`template< class I, class O > using uninitialized_move_result = ranges::in_out_result<I, O>;`	(3)	(since C++20)

1) Moves N elements from the input range [ifirst, ilast) to the output range [ofirst, olast) (that is an uninitialized memory area), where N is min(ranges::distance(ifirst, ilast), ranges::distance(ofirst, olast)).

The effect is equivalent to:

for (; ifirst != ilast && ofirst != olast; ++ofirst, ++ifirst)
    ::new (static_cast<void*>(std::addressof(*ofirst)))
        std::remove_reference_t<std::iter_reference_t<O>>(ranges::iter_move(ifirst));

If an exception is thrown during the initialization then the objects that already constructed in [ofirst, olast) are destroyed in an unspecified order. Also, the objects in [ifirst, ilast) that were already moved, are left in a valid but unspecified state.

2) Same as (1), but uses in_range as the first range and out_range as the second range, as if using ranges::begin(in_range) as ifirst, ranges::end(in_range) as ilast, ranges::begin(out_range) as ofirst, and ranges::end(out_range) as olast.

The function-like entities described on this page are niebloids, that is:

Explicit template argument lists cannot be specified when calling any of them.
None of them are visible to argument-dependent lookup.
When any of them are found by normal unqualified lookup as the name to the left of the function-call operator, argument-dependent lookup is inhibited.

In practice, they may be implemented as function objects, or with special compiler extensions.

Parameters

ifirst, ilast	-	iterator-sentinel pair denoting the input range of elements to move from
in_range	-	the input range of elements to move from
ofirst, olast	-	iterator-sentinel pair denoting the output range to initialize
out_range	-	the output range to initialize

Return value

{ifirst + N, ofirst + N}

Complexity

Linear in N.

Exceptions

The exception thrown on construction of the elements in the destination range, if any.

Notes

An implementation may improve the efficiency of the ranges::uninitialized_move, e.g. by using ranges::copy_n, if the value type of the output range is TrivialType.

Possible implementation

struct uninitialized_move_fn
{
    template<std::input_iterator I, std::sentinel_for<I> S1,
             no-throw-forward-iterator O, no-throw-sentinel-for<O> S2>
    requires std::constructible_from<std::iter_value_t<O>,
             std::iter_rvalue_reference_t<I>>
    ranges::uninitialized_move_result<I, O>
    operator()(I ifirst, S1 ilast, O ofirst, S2 olast) const
    {
        O current{ofirst};
        try
        {
            for (; !(ifirst == ilast or current == olast); ++ifirst, ++current)
                ::new (const_cast<void*>(static_cast<const volatile void*>
                    (std::addressof(*current)))) std::remove_reference_t<
                        std::iter_reference_t<O>>(ranges::iter_move(ifirst));
            return {std::move(ifirst), std::move(current)};
        }
        catch (...) // rollback: destroy constructed elements
        {
            for (; ofirst != current; ++ofirst)
                ranges::destroy_at(std::addressof(*ofirst));
            throw;
        }
    }
 
    template<ranges::input_range IR, no-throw-forward-range OR>
    requires std::constructible_from<ranges::range_value_t<OR>,
             ranges::range_rvalue_reference_t<IR>>
    ranges::uninitialized_move_result<ranges::borrowed_iterator_t<IR>,
                                      ranges::borrowed_iterator_t<OR>>
    operator()(IR&& in_range, OR&& out_range) const
    {
        return (*this)(ranges::begin(in_range), ranges::end(in_range),
                       ranges::begin(out_range), ranges::end(out_range));
    }
};
 
inline constexpr uninitialized_move_fn uninitialized_move{};

Example

#include <cstdlib>
#include <iomanip>
#include <iostream>
#include <memory>
#include <string>
 
void print(auto rem, auto first, auto last)
{
    for (std::cout << rem; first != last; ++first)
        std::cout << std::quoted(*first) << ' ';
    std::cout << '\n';
}
 
int main()
{
    std::string in[]{"Home", "World"};
    print("initially, in: ", std::begin(in), std::end(in));
 
    if (constexpr auto sz = std::size(in);
        void* out = std::aligned_alloc(alignof(std::string), sizeof(std::string) * sz))
    {
        try
        {
            auto first{static_cast<std::string*>(out)};
            auto last{first + sz};
            std::ranges::uninitialized_move(std::begin(in), std::end(in), first, last);
 
            print("after move, in: ", std::begin(in), std::end(in));
            print("after move, out: ", first, last);
 
            std::ranges::destroy(first, last);
        }
        catch (...)
        {
            std::cout << "Exception!\n";
        }
        std::free(out);
    }
}

Possible output:

initially, in: "Home" "World"
after move, in: "" ""
after move, out: "Home" "World"

Defect reports

The following behavior-changing defect reports were applied retroactively to previously published C++ standards.

DR	Applied to	Behavior as published	Correct behavior
LWG 3870	C++20	this algorithm might create objects on a const storage	kept disallowed

ranges::uninitialized_move_n (C++20)	moves a number of objects to an uninitialized area of memory (niebloid)
uninitialized_move (C++17)	moves a range of objects to an uninitialized area of memory (function template)

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