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xmlrpc.server — Basic XML-RPC servers
Source code: Lib/xmlrpc/server.py
The xmlrpc.server
module provides a basic server framework for XML-RPC servers written in Python. Servers can either be free standing, using SimpleXMLRPCServer
, or embedded in a CGI environment, using CGIXMLRPCRequestHandler
.
Warning
The xmlrpc.server
module is not secure against maliciously constructed data. If you need to parse untrusted or unauthenticated data see XML vulnerabilities.
- class
xmlrpc.server.
SimpleXMLRPCServer
( addr, requestHandler=SimpleXMLRPCRequestHandler, logRequests=True, allow_none=False, encoding=None, bind_and_activate=True, use_builtin_types=False ) -
Create a new server instance. This class provides methods for registration of functions that can be called by the XML-RPC protocol. The requestHandler parameter should be a factory for request handler instances; it defaults to
SimpleXMLRPCRequestHandler
. The addr and requestHandler parameters are passed to thesocketserver.TCPServer
constructor. If logRequests is true (the default), requests will be logged; setting this parameter to false will turn off logging. The allow_none and encoding parameters are passed on toxmlrpc.client
and control the XML-RPC responses that will be returned from the server. The bind_and_activate parameter controls whetherserver_bind()
andserver_activate()
are called immediately by the constructor; it defaults to true. Setting it to false allows code to manipulate the allow_reuse_address class variable before the address is bound. The use_builtin_types parameter is passed to theloads()
function and controls which types are processed when date/times values or binary data are received; it defaults to false.Changed in version 3.3: The use_builtin_types flag was added.
- class
xmlrpc.server.
CGIXMLRPCRequestHandler
( allow_none=False, encoding=None, use_builtin_types=False ) -
Create a new instance to handle XML-RPC requests in a CGI environment. The allow_none and encoding parameters are passed on to
xmlrpc.client
and control the XML-RPC responses that will be returned from the server. The use_builtin_types parameter is passed to theloads()
function and controls which types are processed when date/times values or binary data are received; it defaults to false.Changed in version 3.3: The use_builtin_types flag was added.
- class
xmlrpc.server.
SimpleXMLRPCRequestHandler
-
Create a new request handler instance. This request handler supports
POST
requests and modifies logging so that the logRequests parameter to theSimpleXMLRPCServer
constructor parameter is honored.
SimpleXMLRPCServer Objects
The SimpleXMLRPCServer
class is based on socketserver.TCPServer
and provides a means of creating simple, stand alone XML-RPC servers.
SimpleXMLRPCServer.
register_function
( function=None, name=None )-
Register a function that can respond to XML-RPC requests. If name is given, it will be the method name associated with function, otherwise
function.__name__
will be used. name is a string, and may contain characters not legal in Python identifiers, including the period character.This method can also be used as a decorator. When used as a decorator, name can only be given as a keyword argument to register function under name. If no name is given,
function.__name__
will be used.Changed in version 3.7:
register_function()
can be used as a decorator.
SimpleXMLRPCServer.
register_instance
( instance, allow_dotted_names=False )-
Register an object which is used to expose method names which have not been registered using
register_function()
. If instance contains a_dispatch()
method, it is called with the requested method name and the parameters from the request. Its API isdef _dispatch(self, method, params)
(note that params does not represent a variable argument list). If it calls an underlying function to perform its task, that function is called asfunc(*params)
, expanding the parameter list. The return value from_dispatch()
is returned to the client as the result. If instance does not have a_dispatch()
method, it is searched for an attribute matching the name of the requested method.If the optional allow_dotted_names argument is true and the instance does not have a
_dispatch()
method, then if the requested method name contains periods, each component of the method name is searched for individually, with the effect that a simple hierarchical search is performed. The value found from this search is then called with the parameters from the request, and the return value is passed back to the client.Warning
Enabling the allow_dotted_names option allows intruders to access your module’s global variables and may allow intruders to execute arbitrary code on your machine. Only use this option on a secure, closed network.
SimpleXMLRPCServer.
register_introspection_functions
( )-
Registers the XML-RPC introspection functions
system.listMethods
,system.methodHelp
andsystem.methodSignature
.
SimpleXMLRPCServer.
register_multicall_functions
( )-
Registers the XML-RPC multicall function system.multicall.
SimpleXMLRPCRequestHandler.
rpc_paths
-
An attribute value that must be a tuple listing valid path portions of the URL for receiving XML-RPC requests. Requests posted to other paths will result in a 404 “no such page” HTTP error. If this tuple is empty, all paths will be considered valid. The default value is
('/', '/RPC2')
.
SimpleXMLRPCServer Example
Server code:
from xmlrpc.server import SimpleXMLRPCServer
from xmlrpc.server import SimpleXMLRPCRequestHandler
# Restrict to a particular path.
class RequestHandler(SimpleXMLRPCRequestHandler):
rpc_paths = ('/RPC2',)
# Create server
with SimpleXMLRPCServer(('localhost', 8000),
requestHandler=RequestHandler) as server:
server.register_introspection_functions()
# Register pow() function; this will use the value of
# pow.__name__ as the name, which is just 'pow'.
server.register_function(pow)
# Register a function under a different name
def adder_function(x, y):
return x + y
server.register_function(adder_function, 'add')
# Register an instance; all the methods of the instance are
# published as XML-RPC methods (in this case, just 'mul').
class MyFuncs:
def mul(self, x, y):
return x * y
server.register_instance(MyFuncs())
# Run the server's main loop
server.serve_forever()
The following client code will call the methods made available by the preceding server:
import xmlrpc.client
s = xmlrpc.client.ServerProxy('http://localhost:8000')
print(s.pow(2,3)) # Returns 2**3 = 8
print(s.add(2,3)) # Returns 5
print(s.mul(5,2)) # Returns 5*2 = 10
# Print list of available methods
print(s.system.listMethods())
register_function()
can also be used as a decorator. The previous server example can register functions in a decorator way:
from xmlrpc.server import SimpleXMLRPCServer
from xmlrpc.server import SimpleXMLRPCRequestHandler
class RequestHandler(SimpleXMLRPCRequestHandler):
rpc_paths = ('/RPC2',)
with SimpleXMLRPCServer(('localhost', 8000),
requestHandler=RequestHandler) as server:
server.register_introspection_functions()
# Register pow() function; this will use the value of
# pow.__name__ as the name, which is just 'pow'.
server.register_function(pow)
# Register a function under a different name, using
# register_function as a decorator. *name* can only be given
# as a keyword argument.
@server.register_function(name='add')
def adder_function(x, y):
return x + y
# Register a function under function.__name__.
@server.register_function
def mul(x, y):
return x * y
server.serve_forever()
The following example included in the Lib/xmlrpc/server.py
module shows a server allowing dotted names and registering a multicall function.
Warning
Enabling the allow_dotted_names option allows intruders to access your module’s global variables and may allow intruders to execute arbitrary code on your machine. Only use this example only within a secure, closed network.
import datetime
class ExampleService:
def getData(self):
return '42'
class currentTime:
@staticmethod
def getCurrentTime():
return datetime.datetime.now()
with SimpleXMLRPCServer(("localhost", 8000)) as server:
server.register_function(pow)
server.register_function(lambda x,y: x+y, 'add')
server.register_instance(ExampleService(), allow_dotted_names=True)
server.register_multicall_functions()
print('Serving XML-RPC on localhost port 8000')
try:
server.serve_forever()
except KeyboardInterrupt:
print("\nKeyboard interrupt received, exiting.")
sys.exit(0)
This ExampleService demo can be invoked from the command line:
python -m xmlrpc.server
The client that interacts with the above server is included in Lib/xmlrpc/client.py:
server = ServerProxy("http://localhost:8000")
try:
print(server.currentTime.getCurrentTime())
except Error as v:
print("ERROR", v)
multi = MultiCall(server)
multi.getData()
multi.pow(2,9)
multi.add(1,2)
try:
for response in multi():
print(response)
except Error as v:
print("ERROR", v)
This client which interacts with the demo XMLRPC server can be invoked as:
python -m xmlrpc.client
CGIXMLRPCRequestHandler
The CGIXMLRPCRequestHandler
class can be used to handle XML-RPC requests sent to Python CGI scripts.
CGIXMLRPCRequestHandler.
register_function
( function=None, name=None )-
Register a function that can respond to XML-RPC requests. If name is given, it will be the method name associated with function, otherwise
function.__name__
will be used. name is a string, and may contain characters not legal in Python identifiers, including the period character.This method can also be used as a decorator. When used as a decorator, name can only be given as a keyword argument to register function under name. If no name is given,
function.__name__
will be used.Changed in version 3.7:
register_function()
can be used as a decorator.
CGIXMLRPCRequestHandler.
register_instance
( instance )-
Register an object which is used to expose method names which have not been registered using
register_function()
. If instance contains a_dispatch()
method, it is called with the requested method name and the parameters from the request; the return value is returned to the client as the result. If instance does not have a_dispatch()
method, it is searched for an attribute matching the name of the requested method; if the requested method name contains periods, each component of the method name is searched for individually, with the effect that a simple hierarchical search is performed. The value found from this search is then called with the parameters from the request, and the return value is passed back to the client.
CGIXMLRPCRequestHandler.
register_introspection_functions
( )-
Register the XML-RPC introspection functions
system.listMethods
,system.methodHelp
andsystem.methodSignature
.
CGIXMLRPCRequestHandler.
register_multicall_functions
( )-
Register the XML-RPC multicall function
system.multicall
.
CGIXMLRPCRequestHandler.
handle_request
( request_text=None )-
Handle an XML-RPC request. If request_text is given, it should be the POST data provided by the HTTP server, otherwise the contents of stdin will be used.
Example:
class MyFuncs:
def mul(self, x, y):
return x * y
handler = CGIXMLRPCRequestHandler()
handler.register_function(pow)
handler.register_function(lambda x,y: x+y, 'add')
handler.register_introspection_functions()
handler.register_instance(MyFuncs())
handler.handle_request()
Documenting XMLRPC server
These classes extend the above classes to serve HTML documentation in response to HTTP GET requests. Servers can either be free standing, using DocXMLRPCServer
, or embedded in a CGI environment, using DocCGIXMLRPCRequestHandler
.
- class
xmlrpc.server.
DocXMLRPCServer
( addr, requestHandler=DocXMLRPCRequestHandler, logRequests=True, allow_none=False, encoding=None, bind_and_activate=True, use_builtin_types=True ) -
Create a new server instance. All parameters have the same meaning as for
SimpleXMLRPCServer
; requestHandler defaults toDocXMLRPCRequestHandler
.Changed in version 3.3: The use_builtin_types flag was added.
- class
xmlrpc.server.
DocCGIXMLRPCRequestHandler
-
Create a new instance to handle XML-RPC requests in a CGI environment.
- class
xmlrpc.server.
DocXMLRPCRequestHandler
-
Create a new request handler instance. This request handler supports XML-RPC POST requests, documentation GET requests, and modifies logging so that the logRequests parameter to the
DocXMLRPCServer
constructor parameter is honored.
DocXMLRPCServer Objects
The DocXMLRPCServer
class is derived from SimpleXMLRPCServer
and provides a means of creating self-documenting, stand alone XML-RPC servers. HTTP POST requests are handled as XML-RPC method calls. HTTP GET requests are handled by generating pydoc-style HTML documentation. This allows a server to provide its own web-based documentation.
DocXMLRPCServer.
set_server_title
( server_title )-
Set the title used in the generated HTML documentation. This title will be used inside the HTML “title” element.
DocCGIXMLRPCRequestHandler
The DocCGIXMLRPCRequestHandler
class is derived from CGIXMLRPCRequestHandler
and provides a means of creating self-documenting, XML-RPC CGI scripts. HTTP POST requests are handled as XML-RPC method calls. HTTP GET requests are handled by generating pydoc-style HTML documentation. This allows a server to provide its own web-based documentation.
DocCGIXMLRPCRequestHandler.
set_server_title
( server_title )-
Set the title used in the generated HTML documentation. This title will be used inside the HTML “title” element.