PubSubTemplate provides asynchronous methods to publish messages to a Google Cloud Pub/Sub topic. The publish() method takes in a topic name to post the message to, a payload of a generic type and, optionally, a map with the message headers.

Here is an example of how to publish a message to a Google Cloud Pub/Sub topic:

public void publishMessage() {
    this.pubSubTemplate.publish("topic", "your message payload", ImmutableMap.of("key1", "val1"));
}

By default, the SimplePubSubMessageConverter is used to convert payloads of type byte[], ByteString, ByteBuffer, and String to Pub/Sub messages.

// Note: The ObjectMapper is used to convert Java POJOs to and from JSON.
// You will have to configure your own instance if you are unable to depend
// on the ObjectMapper provided by Spring Boot starters.
@Bean
public JacksonPubSubMessageConverter jacksonPubSubMessageConverter(ObjectMapper objectMapper) {
    return new JacksonPubSubMessageConverter(objectMapper);
}

Google Cloud Pub/Sub allows many subscriptions to be associated to the same topic. PubSubTemplate allows you to listen to subscriptions via the subscribe() method. It relies on a SubscriberFactory object, whose only task is to generate Google Cloud Pub/Sub Subscriber objects. When listening to a subscription, messages will be pulled from Google Cloud Pub/Sub asynchronously, at a certain interval.

The Spring Boot starter for Google Cloud Pub/Sub auto-configures a SubscriberFactory.

If Pub/Sub message payload conversion is desired, you can use the subscribeAndConvert() method, which will use the converter configured in the template.

Google Cloud Pub/Sub supports synchronous pulling of messages from a subscription. This is different from subscribing to a subscription, in the sense that subscribing is an asynchronous task which polls the subscription on a set interval.

The pullNext() method allows for a single message to be pulled and automatically acknowledged from a subscription. The pull() method pulls a number of messages from a subscription, allowing for the retry settings to be configured. Any messages received by pull() are not automatically acknowledged. Instead, since they are of the kind AcknowledgeablePubsubMessage, you can acknowledge them by calling the ack() method, or negatively acknowledge them by calling the nack() method. The pullAndAck() method does the same as the pull() method and, additionally, acknowledges all received messages.

The pullAndConvert() method does the same as the pull() method and, additionally, converts the Pub/Sub binary payload to an object of the desired type, using the converter configured in the template.

To acknowledge multiple messages received from pull() or pullAndConvert() at once, you can use the PubSubTemplate.ack() method. You can also use the PubSubTemplate.nack() for negatively acknowledging messages.

Using these methods for acknowledging messages in batches is more efficient than acknowledging messages individually, but they require the collection of messages to be from the same project.

All ack(), nack(), and modifyAckDeadline() methods on messages as well as PubSubSubscriberTemplate are implemented asynchronously, returning a ListenableFuture<Void> to be able to process the asynchronous execution.

PubSubTemplate uses a special subscriber generated by its SubscriberFactory to synchronously pull messages.

PubSubAdmin implements a method to create topics:

public Topic createTopic(String topicName)

Here is an example of how to create a Google Cloud Pub/Sub topic:

public void newTopic() {
    pubSubAdmin.createTopic("topicName");
}

PubSubAdmin implements a method to delete topics:

public void deleteTopic(String topicName)

Here is an example of how to delete a Google Cloud Pub/Sub topic:

public void deleteTopic() {
    pubSubAdmin.deleteTopic("topicName");
}

PubSubAdmin implements a method to list topics:

public List<Topic> listTopics

Here is an example of how to list every Google Cloud Pub/Sub topic name in a project:

public List<String> listTopics() {
    return pubSubAdmin
        .listTopics()
        .stream()
        .map(Topic::getNameAsTopicName)
        .map(TopicName::getTopic)
        .collect(Collectors.toList());
}

PubSubAdmin implements a method to create subscriptions to existing topics:

public Subscription createSubscription(String subscriptionName, String topicName, Integer ackDeadline, String pushEndpoint)

Here is an example of how to create a Google Cloud Pub/Sub subscription:

public void newSubscription() {
    pubSubAdmin.createSubscription("subscriptionName", "topicName", 10, “http://my.endpoint/push”);
}

Alternative methods with default settings are provided for ease of use. The default value for ackDeadline is 10 seconds. If pushEndpoint isn’t specified, the subscription uses message pulling, instead.

public Subscription createSubscription(String subscriptionName, String topicName)

public Subscription createSubscription(String subscriptionName, String topicName, Integer ackDeadline)

public Subscription createSubscription(String subscriptionName, String topicName, String pushEndpoint)

PubSubAdmin implements a method to delete subscriptions:

public void deleteSubscription(String subscriptionName)

Here is an example of how to delete a Google Cloud Pub/Sub subscription:

public void deleteSubscription() {
    pubSubAdmin.deleteSubscription("subscriptionName");
}

PubSubAdmin implements a method to list subscriptions:

public List<Subscription> listSubscriptions()

Here is an example of how to list every subscription name in a project:

public List<String> listSubscriptions() {
    return pubSubAdmin
        .listSubscriptions()
        .stream()
        .map(Subscription::getNameAsSubscriptionName)
        .map(SubscriptionName::getSubscription)
        .collect(Collectors.toList());
}