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String.prototype.repeat()

The repeat() method constructs and returns a new string which contains the specified number of copies of the string on which it was called, concatenated together.

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Syntax

repeat(count)

Parameters

count

An integer between 0 and +Infinity, indicating the number of times to repeat the string.

Return value

A new string containing the specified number of copies of the given string.

Exceptions

  • RangeError: repeat count must be non-negative.
  • RangeError: repeat count must be less than infinity and not overflow maximum string size.

Examples

Using repeat()

'abc'.repeat(-1)    // RangeError
'abc'.repeat(0)     // ''
'abc'.repeat(1)     // 'abc'
'abc'.repeat(2)     // 'abcabc'
'abc'.repeat(3.5)   // 'abcabcabc' (count will be converted to integer)
'abc'.repeat(1/0)   // RangeError

({ toString: () => 'abc', repeat: String.prototype.repeat }).repeat(2)
// 'abcabc' (repeat() is a generic method)

Polyfill

This method has been added to the ECMAScript 2015 specification and may not be available in all JavaScript implementations yet. However, you can polyfill String.prototype.repeat() with the following snippet:

if (!String.prototype.repeat) {
  String.prototype.repeat = function(count) {
    'use strict';
    if (this == null)
      throw new TypeError('can\'t convert ' + this + ' to object');

    var str = '' + this;
    // To convert string to integer.
    count = +count;
    // Check NaN
    if (count != count)
      count = 0;

    if (count < 0)
      throw new RangeError('repeat count must be non-negative');

    if (count == Infinity)
      throw new RangeError('repeat count must be less than infinity');

    count = Math.floor(count);
    if (str.length == 0 || count == 0)
      return '';

    // Ensuring count is a 31-bit integer allows us to heavily optimize the
    // main part. But anyway, most current (August 2014) browsers can't handle
    // strings 1 << 28 chars or longer, so:
    if (str.length * count >= 1 << 28)
      throw new RangeError('repeat count must not overflow maximum string size');

    var maxCount = str.length * count;
    count = Math.floor(Math.log(count) / Math.log(2));
    while (count) {
       str += str;
       count--;
    }
    str += str.substring(0, maxCount - str.length);
    return str;
  }
}

Specifications

Browser compatibility

Desktop Mobile Server
Chrome Edge Firefox Internet Explorer Opera Safari WebView Android Chrome Android Firefox for Android Opera Android Safari on IOS Samsung Internet Deno Node.js
repeat
41
12
24
No
28
9
41
36
24
28
9
3.0
1.0
4.0.0
0.12.0

See also

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Licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License v2.5 or later.
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/String/repeat