backend_pdf

A PDF Matplotlib backend.

Author: Jouni K Seppänen <jks@iki.fi> and others.

matplotlib.backends.backend_pdf.FigureCanvas[source]

alias of matplotlib.backends.backend_pdf.FigureCanvasPdf

classmatplotlib.backends.backend_pdf.FigureCanvasPdf(figure=None)[source]

Bases: matplotlib.backend_bases.FigureCanvasBase

draw()[source]

Render the Figure.

It is important that this method actually walk the artist tree even if not output is produced because this will trigger deferred work (like computing limits auto-limits and tick values) that users may want access to before saving to disk.

filetypes={'pdf': 'Portable Document Format'}

fixed_dpi=72

get_default_filetype()[source]

Return the default savefig file format as specified in rcParams["savefig.format"] (default: 'png').

The returned string does not include a period. This method is overridden in backends that only support a single file type.

print_pdf(filename, *, dpi=<deprecated parameter>, bbox_inches_restore=None, metadata=None)[source]

classmatplotlib.backends.backend_pdf.GraphicsContextPdf(file)[source]

Bases: matplotlib.backend_bases.GraphicsContextBase

alpha_cmd(alpha, forced, effective_alphas)[source]

capstyle_cmd(style)[source]

capstyles={'butt': 0, 'projecting': 2, 'round': 1}

clip_cmd(cliprect, clippath)[source]

Set clip rectangle. Calls pop() and push().

commands=((('_cliprect', '_clippath'), <function GraphicsContextPdf.clip_cmd>), (('_alpha', '_forced_alpha', '_effective_alphas'), <function GraphicsContextPdf.alpha_cmd>), (('_capstyle',), <function GraphicsContextPdf.capstyle_cmd>), (('_fillcolor',), <function GraphicsContextPdf.fillcolor_cmd>), (('_joinstyle',), <function GraphicsContextPdf.joinstyle_cmd>), (('_linewidth',), <function GraphicsContextPdf.linewidth_cmd>), (('_dashes',), <function GraphicsContextPdf.dash_cmd>), (('_rgb',), <function GraphicsContextPdf.rgb_cmd>), (('_hatch', '_hatch_color'), <function GraphicsContextPdf.hatch_cmd>))

copy_properties(other)[source]

Copy properties of other into self.

dash_cmd(dashes)[source]

delta(other)[source]

Copy properties of other into self and return PDF commands needed to transform self into other.

fill(*args)[source]

Predicate: does the path need to be filled?

An optional argument can be used to specify an alternative _fillcolor, as needed by RendererPdf.draw_markers.

fillcolor_cmd(rgb)[source]

finalize()[source]

Make sure every pushed graphics state is popped.

hatch_cmd(hatch, hatch_color)[source]

joinstyle_cmd(style)[source]

joinstyles={'bevel': 2, 'miter': 0, 'round': 1}

linewidth_cmd(width)[source]

paint()[source]

Return the appropriate pdf operator to cause the path to be stroked, filled, or both.

pop()[source]

push()[source]

rgb_cmd(rgb)[source]

stroke()[source]

Predicate: does the path need to be stroked (its outline drawn)? This tests for the various conditions that disable stroking the path, in which case it would presumably be filled.

classmatplotlib.backends.backend_pdf.Name(name)[source]

Bases: object

PDF name object.

statichexify(match)[source]

name

pdfRepr()[source]

classmatplotlib.backends.backend_pdf.Op(value)[source]

Bases: matplotlib.backends.backend_pdf.Operator, enum.Enum

An enumeration.

begin_text=(b'BT',)[source]

clip=b'W'[source]

close_fill_stroke=b'b'[source]

close_stroke=b's'[source]

closepath=(b'h',)[source]

concat_matrix=b'cm'[source]

curveto=b'c'[source]

end_text=b'ET'[source]

endpath=b'n'[source]

fill=b'f'[source]

fill_stroke=b'B'[source]

grestore=b'Q'[source]

gsave=(b'q',)[source]

lineto=b'l'[source]

moveto=(b'm',)[source]

op

classmethodpaint_path(fill, stroke)[source]

Return the PDF operator to paint a path.

Parameters

fillbool

Fill the path with the fill color.

strokebool

Stroke the outline of the path with the line color.

rectangle=b're'[source]

selectfont=b'Tf'[source]

setcolor_nonstroke=b'scn'[source]

setcolor_stroke=b'SCN'[source]

setcolorspace_nonstroke=(b'cs',)[source]

setcolorspace_stroke=b'CS'[source]

setdash=(b'd',)[source]

setgray_nonstroke=b'g'[source]

setgray_stroke=(b'G',)[source]

setgstate=b'gs'[source]

setlinecap=b'J'[source]

setlinejoin=b'j'[source]

setlinewidth=b'w'[source]

setrgb_nonstroke=(b'rg',)[source]

setrgb_stroke=b'RG'[source]

shading=b'sh'[source]

show=b'Tj'[source]

showkern=b'TJ'[source]

stroke=b'S'[source]

textmatrix=(b'Tm',)[source]

textpos=b'Td'[source]

use_xobject=b'Do'[source]

classmatplotlib.backends.backend_pdf.Operator(op)[source]

Bases: object

PDF operator object.

op

pdfRepr()[source]

classmatplotlib.backends.backend_pdf.PdfFile(filename, metadata=None)[source]

Bases: object

PDF file object.

Parameters

filenamestr or path-like or file-like

Output target; if a string, a file will be opened for writing.

metadatadict from strings to strings and dates

Information dictionary object (see PDF reference section 10.2.1 'Document Information Dictionary'), e.g.: {'Creator': 'My software', 'Author': 'Me', 'Title': 'Awesome'}.

The standard keys are 'Title', 'Author', 'Subject', 'Keywords', 'Creator', 'Producer', 'CreationDate', 'ModDate', and 'Trapped'. Values have been predefined for 'Creator', 'Producer' and 'CreationDate'. They can be removed by setting them to None.

addGouraudTriangles(points, colors)[source]

Add a Gouraud triangle shading.

Parameters

pointsnp.ndarray

Triangle vertices, shape (n, 3, 2) where n = number of triangles, 3 = vertices, 2 = x, y.

colorsnp.ndarray

Vertex colors, shape (n, 3, 1) or (n, 3, 4) as with points, but last dimension is either (gray,) or (r, g, b, alpha).

Returns

Name, Reference

alphaState(alpha)[source]

Return name of an ExtGState that sets alpha to the given value.

beginStream(id, len, extra=None, png=None)[source]

close()[source]

Flush all buffers and free all resources.

createType1Descriptor(t1font, fontfile)[source]

dviFontName(dvifont)[source]

Given a dvi font object, return a name suitable for Op.selectfont. This registers the font information in self.dviFontInfo if not yet registered.

embedTTF(filename, characters)[source]

Embed the TTF font from the named file into the document.

endStream()[source]

finalize()[source]

Write out the various deferred objects and the pdf end matter.

fontName(fontprop)[source]

Select a font based on fontprop and return a name suitable for Op.selectfont. If fontprop is a string, it will be interpreted as the filename of the font.

hatchPattern(hatch_style)[source]

imageObject(image)[source]

Return name of an image XObject representing the given image.

markerObject(path, trans, fill, stroke, lw, joinstyle, capstyle)[source]

Return name of a marker XObject representing the given path.

newPage(width, height)[source]

newTextnote(text, positionRect=[- 100, - 100, 0, 0])[source]

output(*data)[source]

pathCollectionObject(gc, path, trans, padding, filled, stroked)[source]

staticpathOperations(path, transform, clip=None, simplify=None, sketch=None)[source]

recordXref(id)[source]

reserveObject(name='')[source]

Reserve an ID for an indirect object.

The name is used for debugging in case we forget to print out the object with writeObject.

write(data)[source]

writeExtGSTates()[source]

writeFonts()[source]

writeGouraudTriangles()[source]

writeHatches()[source]

writeImages()[source]

writeInfoDict()[source]

Write out the info dictionary, checking it for good form

writeMarkers()[source]

writeObject(object, contents)[source]

writePath(path, transform, clip=False, sketch=None)[source]

writePathCollectionTemplates()[source]

writeTrailer()[source]

Write out the PDF trailer.

writeXref()[source]

Write out the xref table.

classmatplotlib.backends.backend_pdf.PdfPages(filename, keep_empty=True, metadata=None)[source]

Bases: object

A multi-page PDF file.

Notes

In reality PdfPages is a thin wrapper around PdfFile, in order to avoid confusion when using savefig and forgetting the format argument.

Examples

>>> import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
>>> # Initialize:
>>> with PdfPages('foo.pdf') as pdf:
...     # As many times as you like, create a figure fig and save it:
...     fig = plt.figure()
...     pdf.savefig(fig)
...     # When no figure is specified the current figure is saved
...     pdf.savefig()

Create a new PdfPages object.

Parameters

filenamestr or path-like or file-like

Plots using PdfPages.savefig will be written to a file at this location. The file is opened at once and any older file with the same name is overwritten.

keep_emptybool, optional

If set to False, then empty pdf files will be deleted automatically when closed.

metadatadict, optional

Information dictionary object (see PDF reference section 10.2.1 'Document Information Dictionary'), e.g.: {'Creator': 'My software', 'Author': 'Me', 'Title': 'Awesome'}.

The standard keys are 'Title', 'Author', 'Subject', 'Keywords', 'Creator', 'Producer', 'CreationDate', 'ModDate', and 'Trapped'. Values have been predefined for 'Creator', 'Producer' and 'CreationDate'. They can be removed by setting them to None.

attach_note(text, positionRect=[- 100, - 100, 0, 0])[source]

Add a new text note to the page to be saved next. The optional positionRect specifies the position of the new note on the page. It is outside the page per default to make sure it is invisible on printouts.

close()[source]

Finalize this object, making the underlying file a complete PDF file.

get_pagecount()[source]

Return the current number of pages in the multipage pdf file.

infodict()[source]

Return a modifiable information dictionary object (see PDF reference section 10.2.1 'Document Information Dictionary').

keep_empty

savefig(figure=None, **kwargs)[source]

Save a Figure to this file as a new page.

Any other keyword arguments are passed to savefig.

Parameters

figureFigure or int, default: the active figure

The figure, or index of the figure, that is saved to the file.

classmatplotlib.backends.backend_pdf.Reference(id)[source]

Bases: object

PDF reference object.

Use PdfFile.reserveObject() to create References.

pdfRepr()[source]

write(contents, file)[source]

classmatplotlib.backends.backend_pdf.RendererPdf(file, image_dpi, height, width)[source]

Bases: matplotlib.backends._backend_pdf_ps.RendererPDFPSBase

check_gc(gc, fillcolor=None)[source]

draw_gouraud_triangle(gc, points, colors, trans)[source]

Draw a Gouraud-shaded triangle.

Parameters

gcGraphicsContextBase

The graphics context.

points(3, 2) array-like

Array of (x, y) points for the triangle.

colors(3, 4) array-like

RGBA colors for each point of the triangle.

transformmatplotlib.transforms.Transform

An affine transform to apply to the points.

draw_gouraud_triangles(gc, points, colors, trans)[source]

Draw a series of Gouraud triangles.

Parameters

points(N, 3, 2) array-like

Array of N (x, y) points for the triangles.

colors(N, 3, 4) array-like

Array of N RGBA colors for each point of the triangles.

transformmatplotlib.transforms.Transform

An affine transform to apply to the points.

draw_image(gc, x, y, im, transform=None)[source]

Draw an RGBA image.

Parameters

gcGraphicsContextBase

A graphics context with clipping information.

xscalar

The distance in physical units (i.e., dots or pixels) from the left hand side of the canvas.

yscalar

The distance in physical units (i.e., dots or pixels) from the bottom side of the canvas.

im(N, M, 4) array-like of np.uint8

An array of RGBA pixels.

transformmatplotlib.transforms.Affine2DBase

If and only if the concrete backend is written such that option_scale_image() returns True, an affine transformation (i.e., an Affine2DBase) may be passed to draw_image(). The translation vector of the transformation is given in physical units (i.e., dots or pixels). Note that the transformation does not override x and y, and has to be applied before translating the result by x and y (this can be accomplished by adding x and y to the translation vector defined by transform).

draw_markers(gc, marker_path, marker_trans, path, trans, rgbFace=None)[source]

Draw a marker at each of path's vertices (excluding control points).

This provides a fallback implementation of draw_markers that makes multiple calls to draw_path(). Some backends may want to override this method in order to draw the marker only once and reuse it multiple times.

Parameters

gcGraphicsContextBase

The graphics context.

marker_transmatplotlib.transforms.Transform

An affine transform applied to the marker.

transmatplotlib.transforms.Transform

An affine transform applied to the path.

draw_mathtext(gc, x, y, s, prop, angle)[source]

draw_path(gc, path, transform, rgbFace=None)[source]

Draw a Path instance using the given affine transform.

draw_path_collection(gc, master_transform, paths, all_transforms, offsets, offsetTrans, facecolors, edgecolors, linewidths, linestyles, antialiaseds, urls, offset_position)[source]

Draw a collection of paths selecting drawing properties from the lists facecolors, edgecolors, linewidths, linestyles and antialiaseds. offsets is a list of offsets to apply to each of the paths. The offsets in offsets are first transformed by offsetTrans before being applied.

offset_position is unused now, but the argument is kept for backwards compatibility.

This provides a fallback implementation of draw_path_collection() that makes multiple calls to draw_path(). Some backends may want to override this in order to render each set of path data only once, and then reference that path multiple times with the different offsets, colors, styles etc. The generator methods _iter_collection_raw_paths() and _iter_collection() are provided to help with (and standardize) the implementation across backends. It is highly recommended to use those generators, so that changes to the behavior of draw_path_collection() can be made globally.

draw_tex(gc, x, y, s, prop, angle, *, mtext=None)[source]

draw_text(gc, x, y, s, prop, angle, ismath=False, mtext=None)[source]

Draw the text instance.

Parameters

gcGraphicsContextBase

The graphics context.

xfloat

The x location of the text in display coords.

yfloat

The y location of the text baseline in display coords.

sstr

The text string.

propmatplotlib.font_manager.FontProperties

The font properties.

anglefloat

The rotation angle in degrees anti-clockwise.

mtextmatplotlib.text.Text

The original text object to be rendered.

Notes

Note for backend implementers:

When you are trying to determine if you have gotten your bounding box right (which is what enables the text layout/alignment to work properly), it helps to change the line in text.py:

if 0: bbox_artist(self, renderer)

to if 1, and then the actual bounding box will be plotted along with your text.

encode_string(s, fonttype)[source]

finalize()[source]

get_image_magnification()[source]

Get the factor by which to magnify images passed to draw_image(). Allows a backend to have images at a different resolution to other artists.

propertymathtext_parser[source]

new_gc()[source]

Return an instance of a GraphicsContextBase.

classmatplotlib.backends.backend_pdf.Stream(id, len, file, extra=None, png=None)[source]

Bases: object

PDF stream object.

This has no pdfRepr method. Instead, call begin(), then output the contents of the stream by calling write(), and finally call end().

Parameters

idint

Object id of the stream.

lenReference or None

An unused Reference object for the length of the stream; None means to use a memory buffer so the length can be inlined.

filePdfFile

The underlying object to write the stream to.

extradict from Name to anything, or None

Extra key-value pairs to include in the stream header.

pngdict or None

If the data is already png encoded, the decode parameters.

compressobj

end()[source]

Finalize stream.

extra

file

id

len

pdfFile

pos

write(data)[source]

Write some data on the stream.

classmatplotlib.backends.backend_pdf.Verbatim(x)[source]

Bases: object

Store verbatim PDF command content for later inclusion in the stream.

pdfRepr()[source]

matplotlib.backends.backend_pdf.fill(strings, linelen=75)[source]

Make one string from sequence of strings, with whitespace in between.

The whitespace is chosen to form lines of at most linelen characters, if possible.

matplotlib.backends.backend_pdf.pdfRepr(obj)[source]

Map Python objects to PDF syntax.