numpy.fromfunction

numpy.fromfunction(function, shape, *, dtype=<class 'float'>, like=None, **kwargs)[source]

Construct an array by executing a function over each coordinate.

The resulting array therefore has a value fn(x, y, z) at coordinate (x, y, z).

Parameters

functioncallable

The function is called with N parameters, where N is the rank of shape. Each parameter represents the coordinates of the array varying along a specific axis. For example, if shape were (2, 2), then the parameters would be array([[0, 0], [1, 1]]) and array([[0, 1], [0, 1]])

shape(N,) tuple of ints

Shape of the output array, which also determines the shape of the coordinate arrays passed to function.

dtypedata-type, optional

Data-type of the coordinate arrays passed to function. By default, dtype is float.

likearray_like, optional

Reference object to allow the creation of arrays which are not NumPy arrays. If an array-like passed in as like supports the __array_function__ protocol, the result will be defined by it. In this case, it ensures the creation of an array object compatible with that passed in via this argument.

New in version 1.20.0.

Returns

fromfunctionany

The result of the call to function is passed back directly. Therefore the shape of fromfunction is completely determined by function. If function returns a scalar value, the shape of fromfunction would not match the shape parameter.

See also

indices, meshgrid

Notes

Keywords other than dtype are passed to function.

Examples

>>> np.fromfunction(lambda i, j: i, (2, 2), dtype=float)
array([[0., 0.],
       [1., 1.]])

>>> np.fromfunction(lambda i, j: j, (2, 2), dtype=float)    
array([[0., 1.],
       [0., 1.]])

>>> np.fromfunction(lambda i, j: i == j, (3, 3), dtype=int)
array([[ True, False, False],
       [False,  True, False],
       [False, False,  True]])

>>> np.fromfunction(lambda i, j: i + j, (3, 3), dtype=int)
array([[0, 1, 2],
       [1, 2, 3],
       [2, 3, 4]])