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Class Collectors
- java.lang.Object
-
- java.util.stream.Collectors
public final class Collectors
extends Object
Implementations of Collector that implement various useful reduction operations, such as accumulating elements into collections, summarizing elements according to various criteria, etc.
The following are examples of using the predefined collectors to perform common mutable reduction tasks:
// Accumulate names into a List
List<String> list = people.stream()
.map(Person::getName)
.collect(Collectors.toList());
// Accumulate names into a TreeSet
Set<String> set = people.stream()
.map(Person::getName)
.collect(Collectors.toCollection(TreeSet::new));
// Convert elements to strings and concatenate them, separated by commas
String joined = things.stream()
.map(Object::toString)
.collect(Collectors.joining(", "));
// Compute sum of salaries of employee
int total = employees.stream()
.collect(Collectors.summingInt(Employee::getSalary));
// Group employees by department
Map<Department, List<Employee>> byDept = employees.stream()
.collect(Collectors.groupingBy(Employee::getDepartment));
// Compute sum of salaries by department
Map<Department, Integer> totalByDept = employees.stream()
.collect(Collectors.groupingBy(Employee::getDepartment,
Collectors.summingInt(Employee::getSalary)));
// Partition students into passing and failing
Map<Boolean, List<Student>> passingFailing = students.stream()
.collect(Collectors.partitioningBy(s -> s.getGrade() >= PASS_THRESHOLD));
- Since:
- 1.8
Methods
| Modifier and Type | Method | Description |
|---|---|---|
static <T> Collector<T,?,Double> |
averagingDouble(ToDoubleFunction<? super T> mapper) |
Returns a |
static <T> Collector<T,?,Double> |
averagingInt(ToIntFunction<? super T> mapper) |
Returns a |
static <T> Collector<T,?,Double> |
averagingLong(ToLongFunction<? super T> mapper) |
Returns a |
static <T,A,R,RR> |
collectingAndThen(Collector<T,A,R> downstream, Function<R,RR> finisher) |
Adapts a |
static <T> Collector<T,?,Long> |
counting() |
Returns a |
static <T,A,R> |
filtering(Predicate<? super T> predicate, Collector<? super T,A,R> downstream) |
Adapts a |
static <T,U,A,R> |
flatMapping(Function<? super T,? extends Stream<? extends U>> mapper, Collector<? super U,A,R> downstream) |
Adapts a |
static <T,K> |
groupingBy(Function<? super T,? extends K> classifier) |
Returns a |
static <T,K,D,A,M extends Map<K,D>> |
groupingBy(Function<? super T,? extends K> classifier, Supplier<M> mapFactory, Collector<? super T,A,D> downstream) |
Returns a |
static <T,K,A,D> |
groupingBy(Function<? super T,? extends K> classifier, Collector<? super T,A,D> downstream) |
Returns a |
static <T,K> |
groupingByConcurrent(Function<? super T,? extends K> classifier) |
Returns a concurrent |
static <T,K,A,D,M extends ConcurrentMap<K,D>> |
groupingByConcurrent(Function<? super T,? extends K> classifier, Supplier<M> mapFactory, Collector<? super T,A,D> downstream) |
Returns a concurrent |
static <T,K,A,D> |
groupingByConcurrent(Function<? super T,? extends K> classifier, Collector<? super T,A,D> downstream) |
Returns a concurrent |
static Collector<CharSequence,?,String> |
joining() |
Returns a |
static Collector<CharSequence,?,String> |
joining(CharSequence delimiter) |
Returns a |
static Collector<CharSequence,?,String> |
joining(CharSequence delimiter, CharSequence prefix, CharSequence suffix) |
Returns a |
static <T,U,A,R> |
mapping(Function<? super T,? extends U> mapper, Collector<? super U,A,R> downstream) |
Adapts a |
static <T> Collector<T,?,Optional<T>> |
maxBy(Comparator<? super T> comparator) |
Returns a |
static <T> Collector<T,?,Optional<T>> |
minBy(Comparator<? super T> comparator) |
Returns a |
static <T> Collector<T,?,Map<Boolean,List<T>>> |
partitioningBy(Predicate<? super T> predicate) |
Returns a |
static <T,D,A> |
partitioningBy(Predicate<? super T> predicate, Collector<? super T,A,D> downstream) |
Returns a |
static <T> Collector<T,?,Optional<T>> |
reducing(BinaryOperator<T> op) |
Returns a |
static <T> Collector<T,?,T> |
reducing(T identity, BinaryOperator<T> op) |
Returns a |
static <T,U> |
reducing(U identity, Function<? super T,? extends U> mapper, BinaryOperator<U> op) |
Returns a |
static <T> Collector<T,?,DoubleSummaryStatistics> |
summarizingDouble(ToDoubleFunction<? super T> mapper) |
Returns a |
static <T> Collector<T,?,IntSummaryStatistics> |
summarizingInt(ToIntFunction<? super T> mapper) |
Returns a |
static <T> Collector<T,?,LongSummaryStatistics> |
summarizingLong(ToLongFunction<? super T> mapper) |
Returns a |
static <T> Collector<T,?,Double> |
summingDouble(ToDoubleFunction<? super T> mapper) |
Returns a |
static <T> Collector<T,?,Integer> |
summingInt(ToIntFunction<? super T> mapper) |
Returns a |
static <T> Collector<T,?,Long> |
summingLong(ToLongFunction<? super T> mapper) |
Returns a |
static <T,C extends Collection<T>> |
toCollection(Supplier<C> collectionFactory) |
Returns a |
static <T,K,U> |
toConcurrentMap(Function<? super T,? extends K> keyMapper, Function<? super T,? extends U> valueMapper) |
Returns a concurrent |
static <T,K,U> |
toConcurrentMap(Function<? super T,? extends K> keyMapper, Function<? super T,? extends U> valueMapper, BinaryOperator<U> mergeFunction) |
Returns a concurrent |
static <T,K,U,M extends ConcurrentMap<K,U>> |
toConcurrentMap(Function<? super T,? extends K> keyMapper, Function<? super T,? extends U> valueMapper, BinaryOperator<U> mergeFunction, Supplier<M> mapFactory) |
Returns a concurrent |
static <T> Collector<T,?,List<T>> |
toList() |
Returns a |
static <T,K,U> |
toMap(Function<? super T,? extends K> keyMapper, Function<? super T,? extends U> valueMapper) |
Returns a |
static <T,K,U> |
toMap(Function<? super T,? extends K> keyMapper, Function<? super T,? extends U> valueMapper, BinaryOperator<U> mergeFunction) |
Returns a |
static <T,K,U,M extends Map<K,U>> |
toMap(Function<? super T,? extends K> keyMapper, Function<? super T,? extends U> valueMapper, BinaryOperator<U> mergeFunction, Supplier<M> mapFactory) |
Returns a |
static <T> Collector<T,?,Set<T>> |
toSet() |
Returns a |
static <T> Collector<T,?,List<T>> |
toUnmodifiableList() |
Returns a |
static <T,K,U> |
toUnmodifiableMap(Function<? super T,? extends K> keyMapper, Function<? super T,? extends U> valueMapper) |
Returns a |
static <T,K,U> |
toUnmodifiableMap(Function<? super T,? extends K> keyMapper, Function<? super T,? extends U> valueMapper, BinaryOperator<U> mergeFunction) |
Returns a |
static <T> Collector<T,?,Set<T>> |
toUnmodifiableSet() |
Returns a |
Methods declared in class java.lang.Object
clone, equals, finalize, getClass, hashCode, notify, notifyAll, toString, wait, wait, wait
Methods
toCollection
public static <T,C extends Collection<T>> Collector<T,?,C> toCollection(Supplier<C> collectionFactory)
Returns a Collector that accumulates the input elements into a new Collection, in encounter order. The Collection is created by the provided factory.
- Type Parameters:
T- the type of the input elementsC- the type of the resultingCollection- Parameters:
collectionFactory- a supplier providing a new emptyCollectioninto which the results will be inserted- Returns:
-
a
Collectorwhich collects all the input elements into aCollection, in encounter order
toList
public static <T> Collector<T,?,List<T>> toList()
Returns a Collector that accumulates the input elements into a new List. There are no guarantees on the type, mutability, serializability, or thread-safety of the List returned; if more control over the returned List is required, use toCollection(Supplier).
- Type Parameters:
T- the type of the input elements- Returns:
-
a
Collectorwhich collects all the input elements into aList, in encounter order
toUnmodifiableList
public static <T> Collector<T,?,List<T>> toUnmodifiableList()
Returns a Collector that accumulates the input elements into an unmodifiable List in encounter order. The returned Collector disallows null values and will throw NullPointerException if it is presented with a null value.
- Type Parameters:
T- the type of the input elements- Returns:
-
a
Collectorthat accumulates the input elements into an unmodifiable List in encounter order - Since:
- 10
toSet
public static <T> Collector<T,?,Set<T>> toSet()
Returns a Collector that accumulates the input elements into a new Set. There are no guarantees on the type, mutability, serializability, or thread-safety of the Set returned; if more control over the returned Set is required, use toCollection(Supplier).
This is an unordered Collector.
- Type Parameters:
T- the type of the input elements- Returns:
-
a
Collectorwhich collects all the input elements into aSet
toUnmodifiableSet
public static <T> Collector<T,?,Set<T>> toUnmodifiableSet()
Returns a Collector that accumulates the input elements into an unmodifiable Set. The returned Collector disallows null values and will throw NullPointerException if it is presented with a null value. If the input contains duplicate elements, an arbitrary element of the duplicates is preserved.
This is an unordered Collector.
- Type Parameters:
T- the type of the input elements- Returns:
-
a
Collectorthat accumulates the input elements into an unmodifiable Set - Since:
- 10
joining
public static Collector<CharSequence,?,String> joining()
Returns a Collector that concatenates the input elements into a String, in encounter order.
- Returns:
-
a
Collectorthat concatenates the input elements into aString, in encounter order
joining
public static Collector<CharSequence,?,String> joining(CharSequence delimiter)
Returns a Collector that concatenates the input elements, separated by the specified delimiter, in encounter order.
- Parameters:
delimiter- the delimiter to be used between each element- Returns:
-
A
Collectorwhich concatenates CharSequence elements, separated by the specified delimiter, in encounter order
joining
public static Collector<CharSequence,?,String> joining(CharSequence delimiter,
CharSequence prefix,
CharSequence suffix)
Returns a Collector that concatenates the input elements, separated by the specified delimiter, with the specified prefix and suffix, in encounter order.
- Parameters:
delimiter- the delimiter to be used between each elementprefix- the sequence of characters to be used at the beginning of the joined resultsuffix- the sequence of characters to be used at the end of the joined result- Returns:
-
A
Collectorwhich concatenates CharSequence elements, separated by the specified delimiter, in encounter order
mapping
public static <T,U,A,R> Collector<T,?,R> mapping(Function<? super T,? extends U> mapper,
Collector<? super U,A,R> downstream)
Adapts a Collector accepting elements of type U to one accepting elements of type T by applying a mapping function to each input element before accumulation.
- API Note:
-
The
mapping()collectors are most useful when used in a multi-level reduction, such as downstream of agroupingByorpartitioningBy. For example, given a stream ofPerson, to accumulate the set of last names in each city:Map<City, Set<String>> lastNamesByCity = people.stream().collect( groupingBy(Person::getCity, mapping(Person::getLastName, toSet()))); - Type Parameters:
T- the type of the input elementsU- type of elements accepted by downstream collectorA- intermediate accumulation type of the downstream collectorR- result type of collector- Parameters:
mapper- a function to be applied to the input elementsdownstream- a collector which will accept mapped values- Returns:
- a collector which applies the mapping function to the input elements and provides the mapped results to the downstream collector
flatMapping
public static <T,U,A,R> Collector<T,?,R> flatMapping(Function<? super T,? extends Stream<? extends U>> mapper,
Collector<? super U,A,R> downstream)
Adapts a Collector accepting elements of type U to one accepting elements of type T by applying a flat mapping function to each input element before accumulation. The flat mapping function maps an input element to a stream covering zero or more output elements that are then accumulated downstream. Each mapped stream is closed after its contents have been placed downstream. (If a mapped stream is null an empty stream is used, instead.)
- API Note:
-
The
flatMapping()collectors are most useful when used in a multi-level reduction, such as downstream of agroupingByorpartitioningBy. For example, given a stream ofOrder, to accumulate the set of line items for each customer:Map<String, Set<LineItem>> itemsByCustomerName = orders.stream().collect( groupingBy(Order::getCustomerName, flatMapping(order -> order.getLineItems().stream(), toSet()))); - Type Parameters:
T- the type of the input elementsU- type of elements accepted by downstream collectorA- intermediate accumulation type of the downstream collectorR- result type of collector- Parameters:
mapper- a function to be applied to the input elements, which returns a stream of resultsdownstream- a collector which will receive the elements of the stream returned by mapper- Returns:
- a collector which applies the mapping function to the input elements and provides the flat mapped results to the downstream collector
- Since:
- 9
filtering
public static <T,A,R> Collector<T,?,R> filtering(Predicate<? super T> predicate,
Collector<? super T,A,R> downstream)
Adapts a Collector to one accepting elements of the same type T by applying the predicate to each input element and only accumulating if the predicate returns true.
- API Note:
-
The
filtering()collectors are most useful when used in a multi-level reduction, such as downstream of agroupingByorpartitioningBy. For example, given a stream ofEmployee, to accumulate the employees in each department that have a salary above a certain threshold:
A filtering collector differs from a stream'sMap<Department, Set<Employee>> wellPaidEmployeesByDepartment = employees.stream().collect( groupingBy(Employee::getDepartment, filtering(e -> e.getSalary() > 2000, toSet())));filter()operation. In this example, suppose there are no employees whose salary is above the threshold in some department. Using a filtering collector as shown above would result in a mapping from that department to an emptySet. If a streamfilter()operation were done instead, there would be no mapping for that department at all. - Type Parameters:
T- the type of the input elementsA- intermediate accumulation type of the downstream collectorR- result type of collector- Parameters:
predicate- a predicate to be applied to the input elementsdownstream- a collector which will accept values that match the predicate- Returns:
- a collector which applies the predicate to the input elements and provides matching elements to the downstream collector
- Since:
- 9
collectingAndThen
public static <T,A,R,RR> Collector<T,A,RR> collectingAndThen(Collector<T,A,R> downstream,
Function<R,RR> finisher)
Adapts a Collector to perform an additional finishing transformation. For example, one could adapt the toList() collector to always produce an immutable list with:
List<String> list = people.stream().collect(
collectingAndThen(toList(),
Collections::unmodifiableList));
- Type Parameters:
T- the type of the input elementsA- intermediate accumulation type of the downstream collectorR- result type of the downstream collectorRR- result type of the resulting collector- Parameters:
downstream- a collectorfinisher- a function to be applied to the final result of the downstream collector- Returns:
- a collector which performs the action of the downstream collector, followed by an additional finishing step
counting
public static <T> Collector<T,?,Long> counting()
Returns a Collector accepting elements of type T that counts the number of input elements. If no elements are present, the result is 0.
- Implementation Requirements:
-
This produces a result equivalent to:
reducing(0L, e -> 1L, Long::sum) - Type Parameters:
T- the type of the input elements- Returns:
-
a
Collectorthat counts the input elements
minBy
public static <T> Collector<T,?,Optional<T>> minBy(Comparator<? super T> comparator)
Returns a Collector that produces the minimal element according to a given Comparator, described as an Optional<T>.
- Implementation Requirements:
-
This produces a result equivalent to:
reducing(BinaryOperator.minBy(comparator)) - Type Parameters:
T- the type of the input elements- Parameters:
comparator- aComparatorfor comparing elements- Returns:
-
a
Collectorthat produces the minimal value
maxBy
public static <T> Collector<T,?,Optional<T>> maxBy(Comparator<? super T> comparator)
Returns a Collector that produces the maximal element according to a given Comparator, described as an Optional<T>.
- Implementation Requirements:
-
This produces a result equivalent to:
reducing(BinaryOperator.maxBy(comparator)) - Type Parameters:
T- the type of the input elements- Parameters:
comparator- aComparatorfor comparing elements- Returns:
-
a
Collectorthat produces the maximal value
summingInt
public static <T> Collector<T,?,Integer> summingInt(ToIntFunction<? super T> mapper)
Returns a Collector that produces the sum of a integer-valued function applied to the input elements. If no elements are present, the result is 0.
- Type Parameters:
T- the type of the input elements- Parameters:
mapper- a function extracting the property to be summed- Returns:
-
a
Collectorthat produces the sum of a derived property
summingLong
public static <T> Collector<T,?,Long> summingLong(ToLongFunction<? super T> mapper)
Returns a Collector that produces the sum of a long-valued function applied to the input elements. If no elements are present, the result is 0.
- Type Parameters:
T- the type of the input elements- Parameters:
mapper- a function extracting the property to be summed- Returns:
-
a
Collectorthat produces the sum of a derived property
summingDouble
public static <T> Collector<T,?,Double> summingDouble(ToDoubleFunction<? super T> mapper)
Returns a Collector that produces the sum of a double-valued function applied to the input elements. If no elements are present, the result is 0.
The sum returned can vary depending upon the order in which values are recorded, due to accumulated rounding error in addition of values of differing magnitudes. Values sorted by increasing absolute magnitude tend to yield more accurate results. If any recorded value is a NaN or the sum is at any point a NaN then the sum will be NaN.
- Type Parameters:
T- the type of the input elements- Parameters:
mapper- a function extracting the property to be summed- Returns:
-
a
Collectorthat produces the sum of a derived property
averagingInt
public static <T> Collector<T,?,Double> averagingInt(ToIntFunction<? super T> mapper)
Returns a Collector that produces the arithmetic mean of an integer-valued function applied to the input elements. If no elements are present, the result is 0.
- Type Parameters:
T- the type of the input elements- Parameters:
mapper- a function extracting the property to be averaged- Returns:
-
a
Collectorthat produces the arithmetic mean of a derived property
averagingLong
public static <T> Collector<T,?,Double> averagingLong(ToLongFunction<? super T> mapper)
Returns a Collector that produces the arithmetic mean of a long-valued function applied to the input elements. If no elements are present, the result is 0.
- Type Parameters:
T- the type of the input elements- Parameters:
mapper- a function extracting the property to be averaged- Returns:
-
a
Collectorthat produces the arithmetic mean of a derived property
averagingDouble
public static <T> Collector<T,?,Double> averagingDouble(ToDoubleFunction<? super T> mapper)
Returns a Collector that produces the arithmetic mean of a double-valued function applied to the input elements. If no elements are present, the result is 0.
The average returned can vary depending upon the order in which values are recorded, due to accumulated rounding error in addition of values of differing magnitudes. Values sorted by increasing absolute magnitude tend to yield more accurate results. If any recorded value is a NaN or the sum is at any point a NaN then the average will be NaN.
- Implementation Note:
-
The
doubleformat can represent all consecutive integers in the range -253 to 253. If the pipeline has more than 253 values, the divisor in the average computation will saturate at 253, leading to additional numerical errors. - Type Parameters:
T- the type of the input elements- Parameters:
mapper- a function extracting the property to be averaged- Returns:
-
a
Collectorthat produces the arithmetic mean of a derived property
reducing
public static <T> Collector<T,?,T> reducing(T identity,
BinaryOperator<T> op)
Returns a Collector which performs a reduction of its input elements under a specified BinaryOperator using the provided identity.
- API Note:
-
The
reducing()collectors are most useful when used in a multi-level reduction, downstream ofgroupingByorpartitioningBy. To perform a simple reduction on a stream, useStream.reduce(Object, BinaryOperator)} instead. - Type Parameters:
T- element type for the input and output of the reduction- Parameters:
identity- the identity value for the reduction (also, the value that is returned when there are no input elements)op- aBinaryOperator<T>used to reduce the input elements- Returns:
-
a
Collectorwhich implements the reduction operation - See Also:
reducing(BinaryOperator),reducing(Object, Function, BinaryOperator)
reducing
public static <T> Collector<T,?,Optional<T>> reducing(BinaryOperator<T> op)
Returns a Collector which performs a reduction of its input elements under a specified BinaryOperator. The result is described as an Optional<T>.
- API Note:
-
The
reducing()collectors are most useful when used in a multi-level reduction, downstream ofgroupingByorpartitioningBy. To perform a simple reduction on a stream, useStream.reduce(BinaryOperator)instead.For example, given a stream of
Person, to calculate tallest person in each city:Comparator<Person> byHeight = Comparator.comparing(Person::getHeight); Map<City, Optional<Person>> tallestByCity = people.stream().collect( groupingBy(Person::getCity, reducing(BinaryOperator.maxBy(byHeight)))); - Type Parameters:
T- element type for the input and output of the reduction- Parameters:
op- aBinaryOperator<T>used to reduce the input elements- Returns:
-
a
Collectorwhich implements the reduction operation - See Also:
reducing(Object, BinaryOperator),reducing(Object, Function, BinaryOperator)
reducing
public static <T,U> Collector<T,?,U> reducing(U identity,
Function<? super T,? extends U> mapper,
BinaryOperator<U> op)
Returns a Collector which performs a reduction of its input elements under a specified mapping function and BinaryOperator. This is a generalization of reducing(Object, BinaryOperator) which allows a transformation of the elements before reduction.
- API Note:
-
The
reducing()collectors are most useful when used in a multi-level reduction, downstream ofgroupingByorpartitioningBy. To perform a simple map-reduce on a stream, useStream.map(Function)andStream.reduce(Object, BinaryOperator)instead.For example, given a stream of
Person, to calculate the longest last name of residents in each city:Comparator<String> byLength = Comparator.comparing(String::length); Map<City, String> longestLastNameByCity = people.stream().collect( groupingBy(Person::getCity, reducing("", Person::getLastName, BinaryOperator.maxBy(byLength)))); - Type Parameters:
T- the type of the input elementsU- the type of the mapped values- Parameters:
identity- the identity value for the reduction (also, the value that is returned when there are no input elements)mapper- a mapping function to apply to each input valueop- aBinaryOperator<U>used to reduce the mapped values- Returns:
-
a
Collectorimplementing the map-reduce operation - See Also:
reducing(Object, BinaryOperator),reducing(BinaryOperator)
groupingBy
public static <T,K> Collector<T,?,Map<K,List<T>>> groupingBy(Function<? super T,? extends K> classifier)
Returns a Collector implementing a "group by" operation on input elements of type T, grouping elements according to a classification function, and returning the results in a Map.
The classification function maps elements to some key type K. The collector produces a Map<K, List<T>> whose keys are the values resulting from applying the classification function to the input elements, and whose corresponding values are Lists containing the input elements which map to the associated key under the classification function.
There are no guarantees on the type, mutability, serializability, or thread-safety of the Map or List objects returned.
- Implementation Requirements:
-
This produces a result similar to:
groupingBy(classifier, toList()); - Implementation Note:
-
The returned
Collectoris not concurrent. For parallel stream pipelines, thecombinerfunction operates by merging the keys from one map into another, which can be an expensive operation. If preservation of the order in which elements appear in the resultingMapcollector is not required, usinggroupingByConcurrent(Function)may offer better parallel performance. - Type Parameters:
T- the type of the input elementsK- the type of the keys- Parameters:
classifier- the classifier function mapping input elements to keys- Returns:
-
a
Collectorimplementing the group-by operation - See Also:
groupingBy(Function, Collector),groupingBy(Function, Supplier, Collector),groupingByConcurrent(Function)
groupingBy
public static <T,K,A,D> Collector<T,?,Map<K,D>> groupingBy(Function<? super T,? extends K> classifier,
Collector<? super T,A,D> downstream)
Returns a Collector implementing a cascaded "group by" operation on input elements of type T, grouping elements according to a classification function, and then performing a reduction operation on the values associated with a given key using the specified downstream Collector.
The classification function maps elements to some key type K. The downstream collector operates on elements of type T and produces a result of type D. The resulting collector produces a Map<K, D>.
There are no guarantees on the type, mutability, serializability, or thread-safety of the Map returned.
For example, to compute the set of last names of people in each city:
Map<City, Set<String>> namesByCity
= people.stream().collect(
groupingBy(Person::getCity,
mapping(Person::getLastName,
toSet())));
- Implementation Note:
-
The returned
Collectoris not concurrent. For parallel stream pipelines, thecombinerfunction operates by merging the keys from one map into another, which can be an expensive operation. If preservation of the order in which elements are presented to the downstream collector is not required, usinggroupingByConcurrent(Function, Collector)may offer better parallel performance. - Type Parameters:
T- the type of the input elementsK- the type of the keysA- the intermediate accumulation type of the downstream collectorD- the result type of the downstream reduction- Parameters:
classifier- a classifier function mapping input elements to keysdownstream- aCollectorimplementing the downstream reduction- Returns:
-
a
Collectorimplementing the cascaded group-by operation - See Also:
groupingBy(Function),groupingBy(Function, Supplier, Collector),groupingByConcurrent(Function, Collector)
groupingBy
public static <T,K,D,A,M extends Map<K,D>> Collector<T,?,M> groupingBy(Function<? super T,? extends K> classifier,
Supplier<M> mapFactory,
Collector<? super T,A,D> downstream)
Returns a Collector implementing a cascaded "group by" operation on input elements of type T, grouping elements according to a classification function, and then performing a reduction operation on the values associated with a given key using the specified downstream Collector. The Map produced by the Collector is created with the supplied factory function.
The classification function maps elements to some key type K. The downstream collector operates on elements of type T and produces a result of type D. The resulting collector produces a Map<K, D>.
For example, to compute the set of last names of people in each city, where the city names are sorted:
Map<City, Set<String>> namesByCity
= people.stream().collect(
groupingBy(Person::getCity,
TreeMap::new,
mapping(Person::getLastName,
toSet())));
- Implementation Note:
-
The returned
Collectoris not concurrent. For parallel stream pipelines, thecombinerfunction operates by merging the keys from one map into another, which can be an expensive operation. If preservation of the order in which elements are presented to the downstream collector is not required, usinggroupingByConcurrent(Function, Supplier, Collector)may offer better parallel performance. - Type Parameters:
T- the type of the input elementsK- the type of the keysA- the intermediate accumulation type of the downstream collectorD- the result type of the downstream reductionM- the type of the resultingMap- Parameters:
classifier- a classifier function mapping input elements to keysdownstream- aCollectorimplementing the downstream reductionmapFactory- a supplier providing a new emptyMapinto which the results will be inserted- Returns:
-
a
Collectorimplementing the cascaded group-by operation - See Also:
groupingBy(Function, Collector),groupingBy(Function),groupingByConcurrent(Function, Supplier, Collector)
groupingByConcurrent
public static <T,K> Collector<T,?,ConcurrentMap<K,List<T>>> groupingByConcurrent(Function<? super T,? extends K> classifier)
Returns a concurrent Collector implementing a "group by" operation on input elements of type T, grouping elements according to a classification function.
This is a concurrent and unordered Collector.
The classification function maps elements to some key type K. The collector produces a ConcurrentMap<K, List<T>> whose keys are the values resulting from applying the classification function to the input elements, and whose corresponding values are Lists containing the input elements which map to the associated key under the classification function.
There are no guarantees on the type, mutability, or serializability of the ConcurrentMap or List objects returned, or of the thread-safety of the List objects returned.
- Implementation Requirements:
-
This produces a result similar to:
groupingByConcurrent(classifier, toList()); - Type Parameters:
T- the type of the input elementsK- the type of the keys- Parameters:
classifier- a classifier function mapping input elements to keys- Returns:
-
a concurrent, unordered
Collectorimplementing the group-by operation - See Also:
groupingBy(Function),groupingByConcurrent(Function, Collector),groupingByConcurrent(Function, Supplier, Collector)
groupingByConcurrent
public static <T,K,A,D> Collector<T,?,ConcurrentMap<K,D>> groupingByConcurrent(Function<? super T,? extends K> classifier,
Collector<? super T,A,D> downstream)
Returns a concurrent Collector implementing a cascaded "group by" operation on input elements of type T, grouping elements according to a classification function, and then performing a reduction operation on the values associated with a given key using the specified downstream Collector.
This is a concurrent and unordered Collector.
The classification function maps elements to some key type K. The downstream collector operates on elements of type T and produces a result of type D. The resulting collector produces a ConcurrentMap<K, D>.
There are no guarantees on the type, mutability, or serializability of the ConcurrentMap returned.
For example, to compute the set of last names of people in each city, where the city names are sorted:
ConcurrentMap<City, Set<String>> namesByCity
= people.stream().collect(
groupingByConcurrent(Person::getCity,
mapping(Person::getLastName,
toSet())));
- Type Parameters:
T- the type of the input elementsK- the type of the keysA- the intermediate accumulation type of the downstream collectorD- the result type of the downstream reduction- Parameters:
classifier- a classifier function mapping input elements to keysdownstream- aCollectorimplementing the downstream reduction- Returns:
-
a concurrent, unordered
Collectorimplementing the cascaded group-by operation - See Also:
groupingBy(Function, Collector),groupingByConcurrent(Function),groupingByConcurrent(Function, Supplier, Collector)
groupingByConcurrent
public static <T,K,A,D,M extends ConcurrentMap<K,D>> Collector<T,?,M> groupingByConcurrent(Function<? super T,? extends K> classifier,
Supplier<M> mapFactory,
Collector<? super T,A,D> downstream)
Returns a concurrent Collector implementing a cascaded "group by" operation on input elements of type T, grouping elements according to a classification function, and then performing a reduction operation on the values associated with a given key using the specified downstream Collector. The ConcurrentMap produced by the Collector is created with the supplied factory function.
This is a concurrent and unordered Collector.
The classification function maps elements to some key type K. The downstream collector operates on elements of type T and produces a result of type D. The resulting collector produces a ConcurrentMap<K, D>.
For example, to compute the set of last names of people in each city, where the city names are sorted:
ConcurrentMap<City, Set<String>> namesByCity
= people.stream().collect(
groupingByConcurrent(Person::getCity,
ConcurrentSkipListMap::new,
mapping(Person::getLastName,
toSet())));
- Type Parameters:
T- the type of the input elementsK- the type of the keysA- the intermediate accumulation type of the downstream collectorD- the result type of the downstream reductionM- the type of the resultingConcurrentMap- Parameters:
classifier- a classifier function mapping input elements to keysdownstream- aCollectorimplementing the downstream reductionmapFactory- a supplier providing a new emptyConcurrentMapinto which the results will be inserted- Returns:
-
a concurrent, unordered
Collectorimplementing the cascaded group-by operation - See Also:
groupingByConcurrent(Function),groupingByConcurrent(Function, Collector),groupingBy(Function, Supplier, Collector)
partitioningBy
public static <T> Collector<T,?,Map<Boolean,List<T>>> partitioningBy(Predicate<? super T> predicate)
Returns a Collector which partitions the input elements according to a Predicate, and organizes them into a Map<Boolean, List<T>>. The returned Map always contains mappings for both false and true keys. There are no guarantees on the type, mutability, serializability, or thread-safety of the Map or List returned.
- API Note:
- If a partition has no elements, its value in the result Map will be an empty List.
- Type Parameters:
T- the type of the input elements- Parameters:
predicate- a predicate used for classifying input elements- Returns:
-
a
Collectorimplementing the partitioning operation - See Also:
-
partitioningBy(Predicate, Collector)
partitioningBy
public static <T,D,A> Collector<T,?,Map<Boolean,D>> partitioningBy(Predicate<? super T> predicate,
Collector<? super T,A,D> downstream)
Returns a Collector which partitions the input elements according to a Predicate, reduces the values in each partition according to another Collector, and organizes them into a Map<Boolean, D> whose values are the result of the downstream reduction.
The returned Map always contains mappings for both false and true keys. There are no guarantees on the type, mutability, serializability, or thread-safety of the Map returned.
- API Note:
- If a partition has no elements, its value in the result Map will be obtained by calling the downstream collector's supplier function and then applying the finisher function.
- Type Parameters:
T- the type of the input elementsA- the intermediate accumulation type of the downstream collectorD- the result type of the downstream reduction- Parameters:
predicate- a predicate used for classifying input elementsdownstream- aCollectorimplementing the downstream reduction- Returns:
-
a
Collectorimplementing the cascaded partitioning operation - See Also:
-
partitioningBy(Predicate)
toMap
public static <T,K,U> Collector<T,?,Map<K,U>> toMap(Function<? super T,? extends K> keyMapper,
Function<? super T,? extends U> valueMapper)
Returns a Collector that accumulates elements into a Map whose keys and values are the result of applying the provided mapping functions to the input elements.
If the mapped keys contain duplicates (according to Object.equals(Object)), an IllegalStateException is thrown when the collection operation is performed. If the mapped keys might have duplicates, use toMap(Function, Function, BinaryOperator) instead.
There are no guarantees on the type, mutability, serializability, or thread-safety of the Map returned.
- API Note:
-
It is common for either the key or the value to be the input elements. In this case, the utility method
Function.identity()may be helpful. For example, the following produces aMapmapping students to their grade point average:
And the following produces aMap<Student, Double> studentToGPA = students.stream().collect( toMap(Function.identity(), student -> computeGPA(student)));Mapmapping a unique identifier to students:Map<String, Student> studentIdToStudent = students.stream().collect( toMap(Student::getId, Function.identity())); - Implementation Note:
-
The returned
Collectoris not concurrent. For parallel stream pipelines, thecombinerfunction operates by merging the keys from one map into another, which can be an expensive operation. If it is not required that results are inserted into theMapin encounter order, usingtoConcurrentMap(Function, Function)may offer better parallel performance. - Type Parameters:
T- the type of the input elementsK- the output type of the key mapping functionU- the output type of the value mapping function- Parameters:
keyMapper- a mapping function to produce keysvalueMapper- a mapping function to produce values- Returns:
-
a
Collectorwhich collects elements into aMapwhose keys and values are the result of applying mapping functions to the input elements - See Also:
toMap(Function, Function, BinaryOperator),toMap(Function, Function, BinaryOperator, Supplier),toConcurrentMap(Function, Function)
toUnmodifiableMap
public static <T,K,U> Collector<T,?,Map<K,U>> toUnmodifiableMap(Function<? super T,? extends K> keyMapper,
Function<? super T,? extends U> valueMapper)
Returns a Collector that accumulates the input elements into an unmodifiable Map, whose keys and values are the result of applying the provided mapping functions to the input elements.
If the mapped keys contain duplicates (according to Object.equals(Object)), an IllegalStateException is thrown when the collection operation is performed. If the mapped keys might have duplicates, use toUnmodifiableMap(Function, Function, BinaryOperator) to handle merging of the values.
The returned Collector disallows null keys and values. If either mapping function returns null, NullPointerException will be thrown.
- Type Parameters:
T- the type of the input elementsK- the output type of the key mapping functionU- the output type of the value mapping function- Parameters:
keyMapper- a mapping function to produce keys, must be non-nullvalueMapper- a mapping function to produce values, must be non-null- Returns:
-
a
Collectorthat accumulates the input elements into an unmodifiable Map, whose keys and values are the result of applying the provided mapping functions to the input elements - Throws:
NullPointerException- if either keyMapper or valueMapper is null- Since:
- 10
- See Also:
-
toUnmodifiableMap(Function, Function, BinaryOperator)
toMap
public static <T,K,U> Collector<T,?,Map<K,U>> toMap(Function<? super T,? extends K> keyMapper,
Function<? super T,? extends U> valueMapper,
BinaryOperator<U> mergeFunction)
Returns a Collector that accumulates elements into a Map whose keys and values are the result of applying the provided mapping functions to the input elements.
If the mapped keys contain duplicates (according to Object.equals(Object)), the value mapping function is applied to each equal element, and the results are merged using the provided merging function.
There are no guarantees on the type, mutability, serializability, or thread-safety of the Map returned.
- API Note:
-
There are multiple ways to deal with collisions between multiple elements mapping to the same key. The other forms of
toMapsimply use a merge function that throws unconditionally, but you can easily write more flexible merge policies. For example, if you have a stream ofPerson, and you want to produce a "phone book" mapping name to address, but it is possible that two persons have the same name, you can do as follows to gracefully deal with these collisions, and produce aMapmapping names to a concatenated list of addresses:Map<String, String> phoneBook = people.stream().collect( toMap(Person::getName, Person::getAddress, (s, a) -> s + ", " + a)); - Implementation Note:
-
The returned
Collectoris not concurrent. For parallel stream pipelines, thecombinerfunction operates by merging the keys from one map into another, which can be an expensive operation. If it is not required that results are merged into theMapin encounter order, usingtoConcurrentMap(Function, Function, BinaryOperator)may offer better parallel performance. - Type Parameters:
T- the type of the input elementsK- the output type of the key mapping functionU- the output type of the value mapping function- Parameters:
keyMapper- a mapping function to produce keysvalueMapper- a mapping function to produce valuesmergeFunction- a merge function, used to resolve collisions between values associated with the same key, as supplied toMap.merge(Object, Object, BiFunction)- Returns:
-
a
Collectorwhich collects elements into aMapwhose keys are the result of applying a key mapping function to the input elements, and whose values are the result of applying a value mapping function to all input elements equal to the key and combining them using the merge function - See Also:
toMap(Function, Function),toMap(Function, Function, BinaryOperator, Supplier),toConcurrentMap(Function, Function, BinaryOperator)
toUnmodifiableMap
public static <T,K,U> Collector<T,?,Map<K,U>> toUnmodifiableMap(Function<? super T,? extends K> keyMapper,
Function<? super T,? extends U> valueMapper,
BinaryOperator<U> mergeFunction)
Returns a Collector that accumulates the input elements into an unmodifiable Map, whose keys and values are the result of applying the provided mapping functions to the input elements.
If the mapped keys contain duplicates (according to Object.equals(Object)), the value mapping function is applied to each equal element, and the results are merged using the provided merging function.
The returned Collector disallows null keys and values. If either mapping function returns null, NullPointerException will be thrown.
- Type Parameters:
T- the type of the input elementsK- the output type of the key mapping functionU- the output type of the value mapping function- Parameters:
keyMapper- a mapping function to produce keys, must be non-nullvalueMapper- a mapping function to produce values, must be non-nullmergeFunction- a merge function, used to resolve collisions between values associated with the same key, as supplied toMap.merge(Object, Object, BiFunction), must be non-null- Returns:
-
a
Collectorthat accumulates the input elements into an unmodifiable Map, whose keys and values are the result of applying the provided mapping functions to the input elements - Throws:
NullPointerException- if the keyMapper, valueMapper, or mergeFunction is null- Since:
- 10
- See Also:
-
toUnmodifiableMap(Function, Function)
toMap
public static <T,K,U,M extends Map<K,U>> Collector<T,?,M> toMap(Function<? super T,? extends K> keyMapper,
Function<? super T,? extends U> valueMapper,
BinaryOperator<U> mergeFunction,
Supplier<M> mapFactory)
Returns a Collector that accumulates elements into a Map whose keys and values are the result of applying the provided mapping functions to the input elements.
If the mapped keys contain duplicates (according to Object.equals(Object)), the value mapping function is applied to each equal element, and the results are merged using the provided merging function. The Map is created by a provided supplier function.
- Implementation Note:
-
The returned
Collectoris not concurrent. For parallel stream pipelines, thecombinerfunction operates by merging the keys from one map into another, which can be an expensive operation. If it is not required that results are merged into theMapin encounter order, usingtoConcurrentMap(Function, Function, BinaryOperator, Supplier)may offer better parallel performance. - Type Parameters:
T- the type of the input elementsK- the output type of the key mapping functionU- the output type of the value mapping functionM- the type of the resultingMap- Parameters:
keyMapper- a mapping function to produce keysvalueMapper- a mapping function to produce valuesmergeFunction- a merge function, used to resolve collisions between values associated with the same key, as supplied toMap.merge(Object, Object, BiFunction)mapFactory- a supplier providing a new emptyMapinto which the results will be inserted- Returns:
-
a
Collectorwhich collects elements into aMapwhose keys are the result of applying a key mapping function to the input elements, and whose values are the result of applying a value mapping function to all input elements equal to the key and combining them using the merge function - See Also:
toMap(Function, Function),toMap(Function, Function, BinaryOperator),toConcurrentMap(Function, Function, BinaryOperator, Supplier)
toConcurrentMap
public static <T,K,U> Collector<T,?,ConcurrentMap<K,U>> toConcurrentMap(Function<? super T,? extends K> keyMapper,
Function<? super T,? extends U> valueMapper)
Returns a concurrent Collector that accumulates elements into a ConcurrentMap whose keys and values are the result of applying the provided mapping functions to the input elements.
If the mapped keys contain duplicates (according to Object.equals(Object)), an IllegalStateException is thrown when the collection operation is performed. If the mapped keys may have duplicates, use toConcurrentMap(Function, Function, BinaryOperator) instead.
There are no guarantees on the type, mutability, or serializability of the ConcurrentMap returned.
- API Note:
-
It is common for either the key or the value to be the input elements. In this case, the utility method
Function.identity()may be helpful. For example, the following produces aConcurrentMapmapping students to their grade point average:
And the following produces aConcurrentMap<Student, Double> studentToGPA = students.stream().collect( toConcurrentMap(Function.identity(), student -> computeGPA(student)));ConcurrentMapmapping a unique identifier to students:ConcurrentMap<String, Student> studentIdToStudent = students.stream().collect( toConcurrentMap(Student::getId, Function.identity()));This is a
concurrentandunorderedCollector. - Type Parameters:
T- the type of the input elementsK- the output type of the key mapping functionU- the output type of the value mapping function- Parameters:
keyMapper- the mapping function to produce keysvalueMapper- the mapping function to produce values- Returns:
-
a concurrent, unordered
Collectorwhich collects elements into aConcurrentMapwhose keys are the result of applying a key mapping function to the input elements, and whose values are the result of applying a value mapping function to the input elements - See Also:
toMap(Function, Function),toConcurrentMap(Function, Function, BinaryOperator),toConcurrentMap(Function, Function, BinaryOperator, Supplier)
toConcurrentMap
public static <T,K,U> Collector<T,?,ConcurrentMap<K,U>> toConcurrentMap(Function<? super T,? extends K> keyMapper,
Function<? super T,? extends U> valueMapper,
BinaryOperator<U> mergeFunction)
Returns a concurrent Collector that accumulates elements into a ConcurrentMap whose keys and values are the result of applying the provided mapping functions to the input elements.
If the mapped keys contain duplicates (according to Object.equals(Object)), the value mapping function is applied to each equal element, and the results are merged using the provided merging function.
There are no guarantees on the type, mutability, or serializability of the ConcurrentMap returned.
- API Note:
-
There are multiple ways to deal with collisions between multiple elements mapping to the same key. The other forms of
toConcurrentMapsimply use a merge function that throws unconditionally, but you can easily write more flexible merge policies. For example, if you have a stream ofPerson, and you want to produce a "phone book" mapping name to address, but it is possible that two persons have the same name, you can do as follows to gracefully deal with these collisions, and produce aConcurrentMapmapping names to a concatenated list of addresses:ConcurrentMap<String, String> phoneBook = people.stream().collect( toConcurrentMap(Person::getName, Person::getAddress, (s, a) -> s + ", " + a));This is a
concurrentandunorderedCollector. - Type Parameters:
T- the type of the input elementsK- the output type of the key mapping functionU- the output type of the value mapping function- Parameters:
keyMapper- a mapping function to produce keysvalueMapper- a mapping function to produce valuesmergeFunction- a merge function, used to resolve collisions between values associated with the same key, as supplied toMap.merge(Object, Object, BiFunction)- Returns:
-
a concurrent, unordered
Collectorwhich collects elements into aConcurrentMapwhose keys are the result of applying a key mapping function to the input elements, and whose values are the result of applying a value mapping function to all input elements equal to the key and combining them using the merge function - See Also:
toConcurrentMap(Function, Function),toConcurrentMap(Function, Function, BinaryOperator, Supplier),toMap(Function, Function, BinaryOperator)
toConcurrentMap
public static <T,K,U,M extends ConcurrentMap<K,U>> Collector<T,?,M> toConcurrentMap(Function<? super T,? extends K> keyMapper,
Function<? super T,? extends U> valueMapper,
BinaryOperator<U> mergeFunction,
Supplier<M> mapFactory)
Returns a concurrent Collector that accumulates elements into a ConcurrentMap whose keys and values are the result of applying the provided mapping functions to the input elements.
If the mapped keys contain duplicates (according to Object.equals(Object)), the value mapping function is applied to each equal element, and the results are merged using the provided merging function. The ConcurrentMap is created by a provided supplier function.
This is a concurrent and unordered Collector.
- Type Parameters:
T- the type of the input elementsK- the output type of the key mapping functionU- the output type of the value mapping functionM- the type of the resultingConcurrentMap- Parameters:
keyMapper- a mapping function to produce keysvalueMapper- a mapping function to produce valuesmergeFunction- a merge function, used to resolve collisions between values associated with the same key, as supplied toMap.merge(Object, Object, BiFunction)mapFactory- a supplier providing a new emptyConcurrentMapinto which the results will be inserted- Returns:
-
a concurrent, unordered
Collectorwhich collects elements into aConcurrentMapwhose keys are the result of applying a key mapping function to the input elements, and whose values are the result of applying a value mapping function to all input elements equal to the key and combining them using the merge function - See Also:
toConcurrentMap(Function, Function),toConcurrentMap(Function, Function, BinaryOperator),toMap(Function, Function, BinaryOperator, Supplier)
summarizingInt
public static <T> Collector<T,?,IntSummaryStatistics> summarizingInt(ToIntFunction<? super T> mapper)
Returns a Collector which applies an int-producing mapping function to each input element, and returns summary statistics for the resulting values.
- Type Parameters:
T- the type of the input elements- Parameters:
mapper- a mapping function to apply to each element- Returns:
-
a
Collectorimplementing the summary-statistics reduction - See Also:
summarizingDouble(ToDoubleFunction),summarizingLong(ToLongFunction)
summarizingLong
public static <T> Collector<T,?,LongSummaryStatistics> summarizingLong(ToLongFunction<? super T> mapper)
Returns a Collector which applies an long-producing mapping function to each input element, and returns summary statistics for the resulting values.
- Type Parameters:
T- the type of the input elements- Parameters:
mapper- the mapping function to apply to each element- Returns:
-
a
Collectorimplementing the summary-statistics reduction - See Also:
summarizingDouble(ToDoubleFunction),summarizingInt(ToIntFunction)
summarizingDouble
public static <T> Collector<T,?,DoubleSummaryStatistics> summarizingDouble(ToDoubleFunction<? super T> mapper)
Returns a Collector which applies an double-producing mapping function to each input element, and returns summary statistics for the resulting values.
- Type Parameters:
T- the type of the input elements- Parameters:
mapper- a mapping function to apply to each element- Returns:
-
a
Collectorimplementing the summary-statistics reduction - See Also:
summarizingLong(ToLongFunction),summarizingInt(ToIntFunction)
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Licensed under the GNU General Public License, version 2, with the Classpath Exception.
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