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Trait std::iter::Step

pub trait Step: Clone + PartialOrd + Sized {
    // Required methods
    fn steps_between(start: &Self, end: &Self) -> Option<usize>;
    fn forward_checked(start: Self, count: usize) -> Option<Self>;
    fn backward_checked(start: Self, count: usize) -> Option<Self>;

    // Provided methods
    fn forward(start: Self, count: usize) -> Self { ... }
    unsafe fn forward_unchecked(start: Self, count: usize) -> Self { ... }
    fn backward(start: Self, count: usize) -> Self { ... }
    unsafe fn backward_unchecked(start: Self, count: usize) -> Self { ... }
}
🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (step_trait #42168)

Objects that have a notion of successor and predecessor operations.

The successor operation moves towards values that compare greater. The predecessor operation moves towards values that compare lesser.

Required Methods

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fn steps_between(start: &Self, end: &Self) -> Option<usize>
🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (step_trait #42168)

Returns the number of successor steps required to get from start to end.

Returns None if the number of steps would overflow usize (or is infinite, or if end would never be reached).

Invariants

For any a, b, and n:

  • steps_between(&a, &b) == Some(n) if and only if Step::forward_checked(&a, n) == Some(b)
  • steps_between(&a, &b) == Some(n) if and only if Step::backward_checked(&b, n) == Some(a)
  • steps_between(&a, &b) == Some(n) only if a <= b
    • Corollary: steps_between(&a, &b) == Some(0) if and only if a == b
    • Note that a <= b does not imply steps_between(&a, &b) != None; this is the case when it would require more than usize::MAX steps to get to b
  • steps_between(&a, &b) == None if a > b
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fn forward_checked(start: Self, count: usize) -> Option<Self>
🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (step_trait #42168)

Returns the value that would be obtained by taking the successor of self count times.

If this would overflow the range of values supported by Self, returns None.

Invariants

For any a, n, and m:

  • Step::forward_checked(a, n).and_then(|x| Step::forward_checked(x, m)) == Step::forward_checked(a, m).and_then(|x| Step::forward_checked(x, n))

For any a, n, and m where n + m does not overflow:

  • Step::forward_checked(a, n).and_then(|x| Step::forward_checked(x, m)) == Step::forward_checked(a, n + m)

For any a and n:

  • Step::forward_checked(a, n) == (0..n).try_fold(a, |x, _| Step::forward_checked(&x, 1))
    • Corollary: Step::forward_checked(&a, 0) == Some(a)
source 
fn backward_checked(start: Self, count: usize) -> Option<Self>
🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (step_trait #42168)

Returns the value that would be obtained by taking the predecessor of self count times.

If this would overflow the range of values supported by Self, returns None.

Invariants

For any a, n, and m:

  • Step::backward_checked(a, n).and_then(|x| Step::backward_checked(x, m)) == n.checked_add(m).and_then(|x| Step::backward_checked(a, x))
  • Step::backward_checked(a, n).and_then(|x| Step::backward_checked(x, m)) == try { Step::backward_checked(a, n.checked_add(m)?) }

For any a and n:

  • Step::backward_checked(a, n) == (0..n).try_fold(a, |x, _| Step::backward_checked(&x, 1))
    • Corollary: Step::backward_checked(&a, 0) == Some(a)

Provided Methods

source 
fn forward(start: Self, count: usize) -> Self
🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (step_trait #42168)

Returns the value that would be obtained by taking the successor of self count times.

If this would overflow the range of values supported by Self, this function is allowed to panic, wrap, or saturate. The suggested behavior is to panic when debug assertions are enabled, and to wrap or saturate otherwise.

Unsafe code should not rely on the correctness of behavior after overflow.

Invariants

For any a, n, and m, where no overflow occurs:

  • Step::forward(Step::forward(a, n), m) == Step::forward(a, n + m)

For any a and n, where no overflow occurs:

  • Step::forward_checked(a, n) == Some(Step::forward(a, n))
  • Step::forward(a, n) == (0..n).fold(a, |x, _| Step::forward(x, 1))
    • Corollary: Step::forward(a, 0) == a
  • Step::forward(a, n) >= a
  • Step::backward(Step::forward(a, n), n) == a
source 
unsafe fn forward_unchecked(start: Self, count: usize) -> Self
🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (step_trait #42168)

Returns the value that would be obtained by taking the successor of self count times.

Safety

It is undefined behavior for this operation to overflow the range of values supported by Self. If you cannot guarantee that this will not overflow, use forward or forward_checked instead.

Invariants

For any a:

  • if there exists b such that b > a, it is safe to call Step::forward_unchecked(a, 1)
  • if there exists b, n such that steps_between(&a, &b) == Some(n), it is safe to call Step::forward_unchecked(a, m) for any m <= n.

For any a and n, where no overflow occurs:

  • Step::forward_unchecked(a, n) is equivalent to Step::forward(a, n)
source 
fn backward(start: Self, count: usize) -> Self
🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (step_trait #42168)

Returns the value that would be obtained by taking the predecessor of self count times.

If this would overflow the range of values supported by Self, this function is allowed to panic, wrap, or saturate. The suggested behavior is to panic when debug assertions are enabled, and to wrap or saturate otherwise.

Unsafe code should not rely on the correctness of behavior after overflow.

Invariants

For any a, n, and m, where no overflow occurs:

  • Step::backward(Step::backward(a, n), m) == Step::backward(a, n + m)

For any a and n, where no overflow occurs:

  • Step::backward_checked(a, n) == Some(Step::backward(a, n))
  • Step::backward(a, n) == (0..n).fold(a, |x, _| Step::backward(x, 1))
    • Corollary: Step::backward(a, 0) == a
  • Step::backward(a, n) <= a
  • Step::forward(Step::backward(a, n), n) == a
source 
unsafe fn backward_unchecked(start: Self, count: usize) -> Self
🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (step_trait #42168)

Returns the value that would be obtained by taking the predecessor of self count times.

Safety

It is undefined behavior for this operation to overflow the range of values supported by Self. If you cannot guarantee that this will not overflow, use backward or backward_checked instead.

Invariants

For any a:

  • if there exists b such that b < a, it is safe to call Step::backward_unchecked(a, 1)
  • if there exists b, n such that steps_between(&b, &a) == Some(n), it is safe to call Step::backward_unchecked(a, m) for any m <= n.

For any a and n, where no overflow occurs:

  • Step::backward_unchecked(a, n) is equivalent to Step::backward(a, n)

Object Safety

This trait is not object safe.

Implementors

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impl Step for AsciiChar
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impl Step for char
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impl Step for i8
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impl Step for i16
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impl Step for i32
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impl Step for i64
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impl Step for i128
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impl Step for isize
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impl Step for u8
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impl Step for u16
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impl Step for u32
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impl Step for u64
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impl Step for u128
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impl Step for usize
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impl Step for Ipv4Addr
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impl Step for Ipv6Addr

© 2010 The Rust Project Developers
Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 or the MIT license, at your option.
https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/iter/trait.Step.html