PatternSyntaxException 类的方法

PatternSyntaxException是未经检查的异常,表示正则表达式 Pattern 中的语法错误。 PatternSyntaxException类提供以下方法来帮助您确定出了什么问题:

以下源代码RegexTestHarness2.java更新了我们的测试工具,以检查格式错误的正则表达式:

import java.io.Console;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;
import java.util.regex.Matcher;
import java.util.regex.PatternSyntaxException;

public class RegexTestHarness2 {

    public static void main(String[] args){
        Pattern pattern = null;
        Matcher matcher = null;

        Console console = System.console();
        if (console == null) {
            System.err.println("No console.");
            System.exit(1);
        }
        while (true) {
            try{
                pattern = 
                Pattern.compile(console.readLine("%nEnter your regex: "));

                matcher = 
                pattern.matcher(console.readLine("Enter input string to search: "));
            }
            catch(PatternSyntaxException pse){
                console.format("There is a problem" +
                               " with the regular expression!%n");
                console.format("The pattern in question is: %s%n",
                               pse.getPattern());
                console.format("The description is: %s%n",
                               pse.getDescription());
                console.format("The message is: %s%n",
                               pse.getMessage());
                console.format("The index is: %s%n",
                               pse.getIndex());
                System.exit(0);
            }
            boolean found = false;
            while (matcher.find()) {
                console.format("I found the text" +
                    " \"%s\" starting at " +
                    "index %d and ending at index %d.%n",
                    matcher.group(),
                    matcher.start(),
                    matcher.end());
                found = true;
            }
            if(!found){
                console.format("No match found.%n");
            }
        }
    }
}

要运行此测试,请 Importing?i)foo作为正则表达式。此错误是程序员在忘记标志标志(?i)时忘记了左括号的常见情况。这样做将产生以下结果:

Enter your regex: ?i)
There is a problem with the regular expression!
The pattern in question is: ?i)
The description is: Dangling meta character '?'
The message is: Dangling meta character '?' near index 0
?i)
^
The index is: 0

从此输出中,我们可以看到语法错误是在索引 0 处悬空的元字符(问号)。导致开头括号缺失的原因。