Element.setAttributeNS()

setAttributeNS adds a new attribute or changes the value of an attribute with the given namespace and name.

Syntax

setAttributeNS(namespace, name, value)

namespace is a string specifying the namespace of the attribute.
name is a string identifying the attribute by its qualified name; that is, a namespace prefix followed by a colon followed by a local name.
value is the desired string value of the new attribute.

let d = document.getElementById('d1');
d.setAttributeNS('http://www.mozilla.org/ns/specialspace', 'spec:align', 'center');

DOM methods dealing with element's attributes:

Not namespace-aware, most commonly used methods	Namespace-aware variants (DOM Level 2)	DOM Level 1 methods for dealing with `Attr` nodes directly (seldom used)	DOM Level 2 namespace-aware methods for dealing with `Attr` nodes directly (seldom used)
`setAttribute` (DOM 1)	`setAttributeNS`	`setAttributeNode`	`setAttributeNodeNS`
`getAttribute` (DOM 1)	`getAttributeNS`	`getAttributeNode`	`getAttributeNodeNS`
`hasAttribute` (DOM 2)	`hasAttributeNS`	-	-
`removeAttribute` (DOM 1)	`removeAttributeNS`	`removeAttributeNode`	-

setAttributeNS is the only method for namespaced attributes which expects the fully qualified name, i.e. "namespace:localname".

Specification
DOM Standard # ref-for-dom-element-setattributens①

	Desktop						Mobile
	Chrome	Edge	Firefox	Internet Explorer	Opera	Safari	WebView Android	Chrome Android	Firefox for Android	Opera Android	Safari on IOS	Samsung Internet
`setAttributeNS`	1	12	1	9	≤12.1	1	1	18	4	≤12.1	1	1.0

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https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Element/setAttributeNS