115. GatewayFilter Factories

Route filters allow the modification of the incoming HTTP request or outgoing HTTP response in some manner. Route filters are scoped to a particular route. Spring Cloud Gateway includes many built-in GatewayFilter Factories.

NOTE For more detailed examples on how to use any of the following filters, take a look at the unit tests .

115.1 AddRequestHeader GatewayFilter Factory

The AddRequestHeader GatewayFilter Factory takes a name and value parameter.

application.yml.

spring:
  cloud:
    gateway:
      routes:
      - id: add_request_header_route
        uri: http://example.org
        filters:
        - AddRequestHeader=X-Request-Foo, Bar

This will add X-Request-Foo:Bar header to the downstream request’s headers for all matching requests.

115.2 AddRequestParameter GatewayFilter Factory

The AddRequestParameter GatewayFilter Factory takes a name and value parameter.

application.yml.

spring:
  cloud:
    gateway:
      routes:
      - id: add_request_parameter_route
        uri: http://example.org
        filters:
        - AddRequestParameter=foo, bar

This will add foo=bar to the downstream request’s query string for all matching requests.

115.3 AddResponseHeader GatewayFilter Factory

The AddResponseHeader GatewayFilter Factory takes a name and value parameter.

application.yml.

spring:
  cloud:
    gateway:
      routes:
      - id: add_request_header_route
        uri: http://example.org
        filters:
        - AddResponseHeader=X-Response-Foo, Bar

This will add X-Response-Foo:Bar header to the downstream response’s headers for all matching requests.

115.4 Hystrix GatewayFilter Factory

Hystrix is a library from Netflix that implements the circuit breaker pattern . The Hystrix GatewayFilter allows you to introduce circuit breakers to your gateway routes, protecting your services from cascading failures and allowing you to provide fallback responses in the event of downstream failures.

To enable Hystrix GatewayFilters in your project, add a dependency on spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix from Spring Cloud Netflix .

The Hystrix GatewayFilter Factory requires a single name parameter, which is the name of the HystrixCommand .

application.yml.

spring:
  cloud:
    gateway:
      routes:
      - id: hystrix_route
        uri: http://example.org
        filters:
        - Hystrix=myCommandName

This wraps the remaining filters in a HystrixCommand with command name myCommandName .

The Hystrix filter can also accept an optional fallbackUri parameter. Currently, only forward: schemed URIs are supported. If the fallback is called, the request will be forwarded to the controller matched by the URI.

application.yml.

spring:
  cloud:
    gateway:
      routes:
      - id: hystrix_route
        uri: lb://backing-service:8088
        predicates:
        - Path=/consumingserviceendpoint
        filters:
        - name: Hystrix
          args:
            name: fallbackcmd
            fallbackUri: forward:/incaseoffailureusethis
        - RewritePath=/consumingserviceendpoint, /backingserviceendpoint

This will forward to the /incaseoffailureusethis URI when the Hystrix fallback is called. Note that this example also demonstrates (optional) Spring Cloud Netflix Ribbon load-balancing via the lb prefix on the destination URI.

Hystrix settings (such as timeouts) can be configured with global defaults or on a route by route basis using application properties as explained on the Hystrix wiki .

To set a 5 second timeout for the example route above, the following configuration would be used:

application.yml.

hystrix.command.fallbackcmd.execution.isolation.thread.timeoutInMilliseconds: 5000

115.5 PrefixPath GatewayFilter Factory

The PrefixPath GatewayFilter Factory takes a single prefix parameter.

application.yml.

spring:
  cloud:
    gateway:
      routes:
      - id: prefixpath_route
        uri: http://example.org
        filters:
        - PrefixPath=/mypath

This will prefix /mypath to the path of all matching requests. So a request to /hello , would be sent to /mypath/hello .

115.6 PreserveHostHeader GatewayFilter Factory

The PreserveHostHeader GatewayFilter Factory has not parameters. This filter, sets a request attribute that the routing filter will inspect to determine if the original host header should be sent, rather than the host header determined by the http client.

application.yml.

spring:
  cloud:
    gateway:
      routes:
      - id: preserve_host_route
        uri: http://example.org
        filters:
        - PreserveHostHeader

115.7 RequestRateLimiter GatewayFilter Factory

The RequestRateLimiter GatewayFilter Factory is uses a RateLimiter implementation to determine if the current request is allowed to proceed. If it is not, a status of HTTP 429 - Too Many Requests (by default) is returned.

This filter takes an optional keyResolver parameter and parameters specific to the rate limiter (see below).

keyResolver is a bean that implements the KeyResolver interface. In configuration, reference the bean by name using SpEL. #{@myKeyResolver} is a SpEL expression referencing a bean with the name myKeyResolver .

KeyResolver.java.

public interface KeyResolver {
	Mono<String> resolve(ServerWebExchange exchange);
}

The KeyResolver interface allows pluggable strategies to derive the key for limiting requests. In future milestones, there will be some KeyResolver implementations.

The default implementation of KeyResolver is the PrincipalNameKeyResolver which retrieves the Principal from the ServerWebExchange and calls Principal.getName() .

The RequestRateLimiter is not configurable via the "shortcut" notation. The example below is invalid

application.properties.

# INVALID SHORTCUT CONFIGURATION
spring.cloud.gateway.routes[0].filters[0]=RequestRateLimiter=2, 2, #{@userkeyresolver}

115.7.1 Redis RateLimiter

The redis implementation is based off of work done at Stripe . It requires the use of the spring-boot-starter-data-redis-reactive Spring Boot starter.

The algorithm used is the Token Bucket Algorithm .

The redis-rate-limiter.replenishRate is how many requests per second do you want a user to be allowed to do, without any dropped requests. This is the rate that the token bucket is filled.

The redis-rate-limiter.burstCapacity is the maximum number of requests a user is allowed to do in a single second. This is the number of tokens the token bucket can hold. Setting this value to zero will block all requests.

A steady rate is accomplished by setting the same value in replenishRate and burstCapacity . Temporary bursts can be allowed by setting burstCapacity higher than replenishRate . In this case, the rate limiter needs to be allowed some time between bursts (according to replenishRate ), as 2 consecutive bursts will result in dropped requests ( HTTP 429 - Too Many Requests ).

application.yml.

spring:
  cloud:
    gateway:
      routes:
      - id: requestratelimiter_route
        uri: http://example.org
        filters:
        - name: RequestRateLimiter
          args:
            redis-rate-limiter.replenishRate: 10
            redis-rate-limiter.burstCapacity: 20

Config.java.

@Bean
KeyResolver userKeyResolver() {
    return exchange -> Mono.just(exchange.getRequest().getQueryParams().getFirst("user"));
}

This defines a request rate limit of 10 per user. A burst of 20 is allowed, but the next second only 10 requests will be available. The KeyResolver is a simple one that gets the user request parameter (note: this is not recommended for production).

A rate limiter can also be defined as a bean implementing the RateLimiter interface. In configuration, reference the bean by name using SpEL. #{@myRateLimiter} is a SpEL expression referencing a bean with the name myRateLimiter .

application.yml.

spring:
  cloud:
    gateway:
      routes:
      - id: requestratelimiter_route
        uri: http://example.org
        filters:
        - name: RequestRateLimiter
          args:
            rate-limiter: "#{@myRateLimiter}"
            key-resolver: "#{@userKeyResolver}"

115.8 RedirectTo GatewayFilter Factory

The RedirectTo GatewayFilter Factory takes a status and a url parameter. The status should be a 300 series redirect http code, such as 301. The url should be a valid url. This will be the value of the Location header.

application.yml.

spring:
  cloud:
    gateway:
      routes:
      - id: prefixpath_route
        uri: http://example.org
        filters:
        - RedirectTo=302, http://acme.org

This will send a status 302 with a Location:http://acme.org header to perform a redirect.

115.9 RemoveNonProxyHeaders GatewayFilter Factory

The RemoveNonProxyHeaders GatewayFilter Factory removes headers from forwarded requests. The default list of headers that is removed comes from the IETF .

The default removed headers are:

Connection
Keep-Alive
Proxy-Authenticate
Proxy-Authorization
TE
Trailer
Transfer-Encoding
Upgrade

To change this, set the spring.cloud.gateway.filter.remove-non-proxy-headers.headers property to the list of header names to remove.

115.10 RemoveRequestHeader GatewayFilter Factory

The RemoveRequestHeader GatewayFilter Factory takes a name parameter. It is the name of the header to be removed.

application.yml.

spring:
  cloud:
    gateway:
      routes:
      - id: removerequestheader_route
        uri: http://example.org
        filters:
        - RemoveRequestHeader=X-Request-Foo

This will remove the X-Request-Foo header before it is sent downstream.

115.11 RemoveResponseHeader GatewayFilter Factory

The RemoveResponseHeader GatewayFilter Factory takes a name parameter. It is the name of the header to be removed.

application.yml.

spring:
  cloud:
    gateway:
      routes:
      - id: removeresponseheader_route
        uri: http://example.org
        filters:
        - RemoveResponseHeader=X-Response-Foo

This will remove the X-Response-Foo header from the response before it is returned to the gateway client.

115.12 RewritePath GatewayFilter Factory

The RewritePath GatewayFilter Factory takes a path regexp parameter and a replacement parameter. This uses Java regular expressions for a flexible way to rewrite the request path.

application.yml.

spring:
  cloud:
    gateway:
      routes:
      - id: rewritepath_route
        uri: http://example.org
        predicates:
        - Path=/foo/**
        filters:
        - RewritePath=/foo/(?<segment>.*), /$\{segment}

For a request path of /foo/bar , this will set the path to /bar before making the downstream request. Notice the $\ which is replaced with $ because of the YAML spec.

115.13 SaveSession GatewayFilter Factory

The SaveSession GatewayFilter Factory forces a WebSession::save operation before forwarding the call downstream. This is of particular use when using something like Spring Session with a lazy data store and need to ensure the session state has been saved before making the forwarded call.

application.yml.

spring:
  cloud:
    gateway:
      routes:
      - id: save_session
        uri: http://example.org
        predicates:
        - Path=/foo/**
        filters:
        - SaveSession

If you are integrating Spring Security with Spring Session, and want to ensure security details have been forwarded to the remote process, this is critical.

115.14 SecureHeaders GatewayFilter Factory

The SecureHeaders GatewayFilter Factory adds a number of headers to the response at the reccomendation from this blog post .

The following headers are added (allong with default values):

X-Xss-Protection:1; mode=block
Strict-Transport-Security:max-age=631138519
X-Frame-Options:DENY
X-Content-Type-Options:nosniff
Referrer-Policy:no-referrer
Content-Security-Policy:default-src 'self' https:; font-src 'self' https: data:; img-src 'self' https: data:; object-src 'none'; script-src https:; style-src 'self' https: 'unsafe-inline'
X-Download-Options:noopen
X-Permitted-Cross-Domain-Policies:none

To change the default values set the appropriate property in the spring.cloud.gateway.filter.secure-headers namespace:

Property to change:

xss-protection-header
strict-transport-security
frame-options
content-type-options
referrer-policy
content-security-policy
download-options
permitted-cross-domain-policies

115.15 SetPath GatewayFilter Factory

The SetPath GatewayFilter Factory takes a path template parameter. It offers a simple way to manipulate the request path by allowing templated segments of the path. This uses the uri templates from Spring Framework. Multiple matching segments are allowed.

application.yml.

spring:
  cloud:
    gateway:
      routes:
      - id: setpath_route
        uri: http://example.org
        predicates:
        - Path=/foo/{segment}
        filters:
        - SetPath=/{segment}

For a request path of /foo/bar , this will set the path to /bar before making the downstream request.

115.16 SetResponseHeader GatewayFilter Factory

The SetResponseHeader GatewayFilter Factory takes name and value parameters.

application.yml.

spring:
  cloud:
    gateway:
      routes:
      - id: setresponseheader_route
        uri: http://example.org
        filters:
        - SetResponseHeader=X-Response-Foo, Bar

This GatewayFilter replaces all headers with the given name, rather than adding. So if the downstream server responded with a X-Response-Foo:1234 , this would be replaced with X-Response-Foo:Bar , which is what the gateway client would receive.

115.17 SetStatus GatewayFilter Factory

The SetStatus GatewayFilter Factory takes a single status parameter. It must be a valid Spring HttpStatus . It may be the integer value 404 or the string representation of the enumeration NOT_FOUND .

application.yml.

spring:
  cloud:
    gateway:
      routes:
      - id: setstatusstring_route
        uri: http://example.org
        filters:
        - SetStatus=BAD_REQUEST
      - id: setstatusint_route
        uri: http://example.org
        filters:
        - SetStatus=401

In either case, the HTTP status of the response will be set to 401.

115.18 StripPrefix GatewayFilter Factory

The StripPrefix GatewayFilter Factory takes one paramter, parts . The parts parameter indicated the number of parts in the path to strip from the request before sending it downstream.

application.yml.

spring:
  cloud:
    gateway:
      routes:
      - id: nameRoot
        uri: http://nameservice
        predicates:
        - Path=/name/**
        filters:
        - StripPrefix=2

When a request is made through the gateway to /name/bar/foo the request made to nameservice will look like http://nameservice/foo .

115.19 Retry GatewayFilter Factory

The Retry GatewayFilter Factory takes retries , statuses , methods , and series as parameters.

retries : the number of retries that should be attempted
statuses : the HTTP status codes that should be retried, represented using org.springframework.http.HttpStatus
methods : the HTTP methods that should be retried, represented using org.springframework.http.HttpMethod
series : the series of status codes to be retried, represented using org.springframework.http.HttpStatus.Series

application.yml.

spring:
  cloud:
    gateway:
      routes:
      - id: retry_test
        uri: http://localhost:8080/flakey
        predicates:
        - Host=*.retry.com
        filters:
        - name: Retry
          args:
            retries: 3
            statuses: BAD_GATEWAY

When using the retry filter with a forward: prefixed URL, the target endpoint should be written carefully so that in case of an error it does not do anything that could result in a response being sent to the client and committed. For example, if the target endpoint is an annotated controller, the target controller method should not return ResponseEntity with an error status code. Instead it should throw an Exception , or signal an error, e.g. via a Mono.error(ex) return value, which the retry filter can be configured to handle by retrying.

Docs

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Title here

115. GatewayFilter Factories

115.1 AddRequestHeader GatewayFilter Factory

115.2 AddRequestParameter GatewayFilter Factory

115.3 AddResponseHeader GatewayFilter Factory

115.4 Hystrix GatewayFilter Factory

115.5 PrefixPath GatewayFilter Factory

115.6 PreserveHostHeader GatewayFilter Factory

115.7 RequestRateLimiter GatewayFilter Factory

115.7.1 Redis RateLimiter

115.8 RedirectTo GatewayFilter Factory

115.9 RemoveNonProxyHeaders GatewayFilter Factory

115.10 RemoveRequestHeader GatewayFilter Factory

115.11 RemoveResponseHeader GatewayFilter Factory

115.12 RewritePath GatewayFilter Factory

115.13 SaveSession GatewayFilter Factory

115.14 SecureHeaders GatewayFilter Factory

115.15 SetPath GatewayFilter Factory

115.16 SetResponseHeader GatewayFilter Factory

115.17 SetStatus GatewayFilter Factory

115.18 StripPrefix GatewayFilter Factory

115.19 Retry GatewayFilter Factory