Composition API:
Dependency Injection

provide()

Provides a value that can be injected by descendent components.

• Type

  function provide<T>(key: InjectionKey<T> | string, value: T): void

• Details

  provide() takes two arguments: the key, which can be a string or a symbol, and the value to be injected.

  When using TypeScript, the key can be a symbol casted as InjectionKey - a Vue provided utility type that extends Symbol, which can be used to sync the value type between provide() and inject().

  Similar to lifecycle hook registration APIs, provide() must be called synchronously during a component's setup() phase.

• Example

  <script setup>
  import { ref, provide } from 'vue'
  import { fooSymbol } from './injectionSymbols'
  
  // provide static value
  provide('foo', 'bar')
  
  // provide reactive value
  const count = ref(0)
  provide('count', count)
  
  // provide with Symbol keys
  provide(fooSymbol, count)
  </script>

• See also:

  • Guide - Provide / Inject
  • Guide - Typing Provide / Inject

inject()

Injects a value provided by an ancestor component or the application (via app.provide()).

• Type

  // without default value
  function inject<T>(key: InjectionKey<T> | string): T | undefined
  
  // with default value
  function inject<T>(key: InjectionKey<T> | string, defaultValue: T): T
  
  // with factory
  function inject<T>(
    key: InjectionKey<T> | string,
    defaultValue: () => T,
    treatDefaultAsFactory: true
  ): T

• Details

  The first argument is the injection key. Vue will walk up the parent chain to locate a provided value with a matching key. If multiple components in the parent chain provides the same key, the one closest to the injecting component will "shadow" those higher up the chain. If no value with matching key was found, inject() returns undefined unless a default value is provided.

  The second argument is optional and is the default value to be used when no matching value was found. It can also be a factory function to return values that are expensive to create. If the default value is a function, then false must be passed as the third argument to indicate that the function should be used as the value instead of the factory.

  Similar to lifecycle hook registration APIs, inject() must be called synchronously during a component's setup() phase.

  When using TypeScript, the key can be of type of InjectionKey - a Vue-provided utility type that extends Symbol, which can be used to sync the value type between provide() and inject().

• Example

  Assuming a parent component has provided values as shown in the previous provide() example:

  <script setup>
  import { inject } from 'vue'
  import { fooSymbol } from './injectionSymbols'
  
  // inject static value with default
  const foo = inject('foo')
  
  // inject reactive value
  const count = inject('count')
  
  // inject with Symbol keys
  const foo2 = inject(fooSymbol)
  
  // inject with default value
  const bar = inject('foo', 'default value')
  
  // inject with default value factory
  const baz = inject('foo', () => new Map())
  
  // inject with function default value, by passing the 3rd argument
  const fn = inject('function', () => {}, false)
  </script>

• See also:

  • Guide - Provide / Inject
  • Guide - Typing Provide / Inject